Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 63 4 2025 11 17 214 220 Majid Mahmoud Alilou Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Abbas Bakhshipour Roudsari Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Khadijeh Adabi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Surgery, Yas Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zinat Ghanbari Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farhan Noureh Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. 2025 02 28 2025 07 14 Women with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome do not have proper performance and sexual satisfaction because of physical problems. MRKH syndrome leads to psychological and identity problems and has a negative effect on self-concept. This study aimed to compare the sexual satisfaction and self-concept of women with MRKH syndrome before and after vaginoplasty with normal women. The current study was a case study with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. Fifteen people were selected using the purposeful sampling method, and 15 normal newly married women were also selected as a control sample group. In both groups, sexual satisfaction and self-concept questionnaires were administered; after the relevant vaginoplasty surgery, only in the test group, and after six months, both groups completed the sexual satisfaction and self-concept questionnaires as a post-test. Hudson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire and Rogers' self-concept questionnaire were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The results indicated that the average levels of sexual satisfaction and self-concept in women with MRKH syndrome significantly increased after vaginoplasty in comparison to their preoperative scores; but compared to the women of the control group, it is lower. To increase sexual satisfaction and improve the self-concept of women with MRKH syndrome, vaginoplasty surgery can be used as an effective treatment and an efficient program. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11561 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11561/5972