Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 4 2026 07 05 202 209 EN Mahrokh Kooti Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Rahman Soori Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Shabkhiz Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Parisa Pournemati Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 2025 02 28 2025 04 27 It’s reported that different exercise training modalities can exert anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects, and present study conducted for investigating the changes in the levels of pentraxin 3 and TNF-α following 12 weeks endurance, resistance and combined training in sedentary women with obesity. The 48 sedentary women aged 20-35 years old with average body mass index 32.1±1.26 kg.m2 selected among voluntaries for take part in this research and randomly divided in four 12-subject groups: combined (endurance and resistance), control, endurance and resistance groups. The 12 weeks (three session weekly) duration protocol, designed for all training modalities. The 60 % of reserve heart rate and 75 % of 1RM, considered for intensity of endurance and resistance training program respectively. Blood sampling performed at the baseline and 2 days after last training session. Following measurement of variables levels, data were analyzed with ANCOVA test and Bonferroni post‐hoc test. Pentraxin 3 levels don’t change significantly after 12 weeks interventions (P=0.402), but TNF-α level significantly decreased in endurance (P=0.033) and combined (P<0.001) training groups compared to the control group. Although, body fat percentage reduction was observed in all trained groups (P<0.001), but its reduction was also significant in endurance and combined training groups compared to the resistance training group (P<0.001). Although we don’t observe a significant change in the pentraxin 3 levels with different training, it seems that the anti-inflammatory effect of endurance and combined training (indicated by TNF-α reduction) is related to the further effect of these training in decrease in body fat mass, as a main source of inflammation. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11563 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11563/6040