Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 36 2 1998 12 15 92 96 S. Shahidnoorai M.Rahbar 2015 09 28 Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are rare clinical entities thai are associated with right to left shunts, and are often clinically presented by the triad of dyspnea, cyanosis, and digital clubbing. Currently, transcatheter embolization of fistula is gaining increasing popularity as the superior therapeutic option. In certain situations, however, surgery is preferred. Two cases of direct pulmonary artery ■ left atrial fistulas are described who, were treated simply by surgery with no recurrence. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/1749 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/1749/1742