Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 29 1-2 1987 06 15 55 59 ZEINALABEDIN JAVADZADEH 2015 09 28 Preoperative diagnosis of an airway obstruction should alert anesthetist to a potentially life threatening situation. Intubation of the trachea while the patient is awa- ke or tra~heostomy under local anesthesia is a most useful technique and safty method in induction of anesthesia where problems are anticipated during the induction or g e ne r a l anesthesia. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/208 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/208/204