Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 45 6 2007 12 15 487 492 AR. Rostamian AH. Naji F. Gharibdoost A. KHalvat L. Jafari Saraf K. Saeedfar 2015 09 28 Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common inflammatory joint disease with 1 percent prevalence in community which presents with symmetrical polyarthritis of hands with inflammatory behavior. Several studies in recent years were conducted for evaluation of inflammatory cytokines such as IL1-α (Interlukin 1α) and TNF- α (Tumor necrosis factor) in rheumatologic disorders including rheumatoid arthritis to find new treatment methods base to pathogenesis. In this study different serum levels of IL1-α and TNF- α in 160 rheumatoid arthritis patients with active and inactive disease and also disease with or without bone erosion are assessed. 4% of our patients had rheumatoid nodule and 70% of all patients had positive RF, IL1-α, and TNF- α levels. Active with bone erosion patients had IL1-α and TNF- α serum levels higher than active without bone erosion patients; it was not significant in T-test but it was significant in Mann-Whitney Test. The results was the same as expected; IL1-α, and TNF- α serum levels were higher in active with bone erosion in comparison with inactive without bone erosion patients. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3323 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3323/3301