Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 3 2011 03 15 131 135 EN Mohammad-Hossein Baradaranfar Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. AND Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Jalal Khadem Department of Otolaryngology, Rhinology Fellowship, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Shokooh Taghipoor Zahir Department of Pathology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Ali Kouhi Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Hossein Dadgarnia Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Amin Baradarnfar Student of Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Adhesions after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) are a potential cause of surgical failure. Mitomycin-C (MMC) is recently proposed as a solution for these adhesions. This study was performed to investigate the effect of Mitomycin C in reducing scar formation and adhesion in the nasal mucosa after endoscopic nasal surgery. This double blind randomized clinical trial study was performed on 37 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis. At the end of ESS, randomly impregnated mesh with MMC was placed in one side and another mesh impregnated with saline in the opposite side for 5 minutes. Patients were followed at least for three months, and the results of diagnostic endoscopy were recorded. Post operative adhesion occurred in 12 (32.4%) patients (2 bilateral/10 unilateral). Among total of 14 adhesions, 4 (10.8%) were in the MMC side and 10 (27%) in the control side. This differences was close to statistically significant (P=0.058). MMC may reduce adhesions after ESS, but further studies with different doses, sample size and frequent use of topical MMC is recommended. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3710 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3710/3685