Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 5 2012 05 15 315 318 EN Mahshid Talebi-Taher Department of Infectious Disease , Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Manizheh Mashayekhi Institute of Endocrine and Metabolism, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Hossein Hashemi Institute of Endocrine and Metabolism, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Vanosheh Bahrani Institute of Endocrine and Metabolism, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common chronic infections in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Recent reports suggested that H. pylori might have high prevalence among patients with diabetes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection in diabetes mellitus and to study the relationship between histological findings and H. pylori infection in diabetic patients. Eighty patients with dyspepsia that were referred to our gastrointestinal department between May 2007 and May 2008 were included in our study. We checked fasting blood sugar for all of the study samples. All of patients underwent upper endoscopy and biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum and the corpus. The specimens for the presence of H. pylori were colored by Giemsa stains. A single pathologist evaluated the histology slides. We found that prevalence of H. pylori infection was significantly higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics (P=0.001). Indeed, the prevalence of gastritis did differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.001). According to our results diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factor that must be considered in evaluation of H. pylori infection in diabetic patients with dyspepsia. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3904 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3904/3879