Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 231 233 EN Hossein Mortazavi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tahereh Soori Department of Infectious Diseases, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Khamesipour Skin and Leprosy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Khatami Skin and Leprosy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amir Vasheghani-Farahani Skin and Leprosy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 Herein, a 12-year-old Afghan boy with chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis on the face and verrucous lesions on the body and pleural effusion suspected of having co-existent tuberculosis has been presented. The cutaneous lesions were appeared for five years before his admission. Leishman-Donovan bodies were seen in H&E (Hematoxylin and eosin) slide of skin lesion specimens. The pathogenic species was proved to be Leishmania tropica using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) and Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) were strongly positive. The patient was treated with systemic and intralesional meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) for cutaneous leishmaniasis and then with anti-tuberculosis drugs for pleural effusion. Afterwards, pleural effusion was disappeared and cutaneous leishmaniasis cured. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4665 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4665/4338