Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 1 2014 01 15 46 48 EN Fatemeh Davari-Tanha Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology & Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Batool Hosseini Rashidi Department of OBS&GYN& Reproductive Endocrinology, Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa Ghajarzadeh Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Ali Noorbala Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 This study was designed to determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO). One hundred and ten women with definite diagnosis of PCO and one hundred and ten age-matched infertile women due to other reasons except for PCO were enrolled in this case-control study. Ten ml fasting venous blood sample obtained to measure fasting glucose, LH and FSH. Height, weight and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were also recorded by an expert technician. A psychiatrist examined all 220 cases in order to determine the prevalence of depression and bipolarity. Mean age of each group participants were not significantly different while FBS, LH and LH/FSH levels were significantly higher in PCO patients. Eighty eight case were depressed in PCO group while 96 were depressed in control group (P=0.03). Bipolar disorder were higher in PCO group in comparison with controls (8 vs. 0, P=0.004). Psychiatric disorders should be considered in PCO women. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4738 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4738/4565