Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 53 6 2015 06 15 346 350 EN Saeid Farahani Department of Audiology , School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran. Masoud Motasaddi Zarandy Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND ENT Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Gholamreza Hassanzadeh Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farzad Shidfar School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shohreh Jalaie Department of Biostatistics, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Vida Rahimi Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 The biological effects of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are determined by their mutual interactions. This interaction extremely affects various functions. Lower consumption of omega-3 during gestation leads to various disorders, even in hearing. We aimed to assess the effect of low omega-3/omega-6 ratios on auditory nerve conduction. In this experimental study, the auditory brainstem response test was performed on 24-day-old rat (n=14). The rats were divided into case (low omega-3/omega-6 ratio during gestation and lactation) and control groups. Variables such as P1, P3, and P4 absolute latency period, interpeaks (P3-P4, P1-P3, and P1-P4), and P4/P1 amplitude ratio were measured. We found an increased P4 omega-3/omega-6 ratio in the group with a low omega-3/omega-6 ratio (P<0.01). No significant difference was observed in the P1 and P3 absolute latency period between the studied groups  (P>0.05).  Also, no significant difference was observed between the groups with respect to the P1-P3 interpeak latency (IPL) periods (P>0.05); while the P1-P4 and P3-P4 IPLs were significantly increased in the group with a low omega-3/omega-6 ratio (P<0.05). The P4/P1 amplitude ratio significantly decreased in the group with a low omega-3/omega-6 ratio (P<0.05). Results confirmed the negative effects of low omega-3/omega-6 ratio on the auditory system and hearing. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4879 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4879/4523