Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 53 4 2015 04 15 242 245 EN Saba Jafarpour Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, united States. Seyed Javad Nassiri Department of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Bidari Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mojtaba Chardoli Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Research Centre for Neural Repair, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 Trauma is a common cause of death and disability in children. Proper approach to pediatric trauma involves adherence to ABCDE sequence in the primary survey and resuscitation in order to promptly recognize and manage life-threatening conditions immediately. This readily reviewed sequence includes A: establishment and maintenance of a patent airway while maintaining cervical spine immobilization; B: evaluation of breathing, ventilation and oxygenation, immediate treatment of tension pneumothorax, open pneumothorax and massive hemothorax; C: evaluation and treatment of circulatory compromise and shock; D: Disability and Neurologic Status, assessment of signs of increased intracranial pressure and impending cerebral herniation; and E: Exposure while preventing hypothermia. Implementing these assessment and management priorities can result in more favorable outcomes. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4899 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4899/4443