Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 54 7 2016 07 09 471 474 EN Abolhassan Ertiaei Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahsa Ghajarzadeh Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azizollah Javdan Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Taffakhori Department of Neurology, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Bahaaddin Siroos Department of Neurology, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Esfandbod Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hooshang Saberi Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 11 22 2015 12 15 We present a woman referred with underlying non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) masquerading clinically with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) like syndrome. At first evaluation, chest CT-Scan along with brain and whole spine MRI were normal. Electrodiagnostic studies were in favor of acute generalized polyradiculoneuropathy. Laboratory evaluation revealed hypoglycorrhachia. She treated with plasmapheresis after two weeks; she was discharged from hospital, but neurological recovery was not complete. After 6 months, she came back with acute onset of weakness in lower limbs, back pain, fever and urinary incontinence. Pinprick and light touch complete sensory loss was found beneath umbilicus. Thoracic MRI with contrast revealed a dorsal epidural mass extending smoothly from T8 to T12 (10 cm) with spinal cord compression. She underwent urgent laminectomy for spinal cord decompression. Histological examination revealed small round cell tumor suggestive of malignant T-cell type lymphoma. In cases with Guillain-Barré syndrome presentation, systemic hematologic disorders such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis of underlying disease. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/5181 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/5181/4817