Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 55 4 2017 05 16 218 227 EN Alipasha Meysamie Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saeed Ghodsi Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Ghalehtaki Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Esteghamati Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fereshteh Asgari Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Mehdi Gouya Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 2016 05 10 2017 01 06 The present study aimed to evaluate the distributions of High-Sensitivity C-reactive protein, TC-HDL ratio and 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases among Iranian adult population. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a total of 2125 adults aged 25 to 65. Data of the Third National Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SuRFNCD-2007) was used. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure and biochemical measurements had been obtained. Ten-year risk of cardiovascular events was also calculated using different models. Median (interquartile range) and geometric means (95% CI) of hs-CRP were 5.1(3.9) and 4.1(4.38-4.85), respectively. Mean TC-HDL ratio±(SD) was 5.94±2.84 in men and 5.37±1.97 in women (P<0.001). In spite of risk scores (FRS and SCORE), no significant gender and age-related differences were observed in hs-CRP levels. Exclusion of CRP levels≥10 did not change the results. The proportion of high-risk categories using SCORE and FRS models were 3.6 % and 8.8 %, respectively. In comparison with other published data, greater means and median values of High-Sensitivity C-reactive protein were observed. Higher TC-HDL ratio and cardiovascular risk in men than in women were also demonstrated. The issue of screening for cardiovascular diseases has yet to be addressed due to considerable prevalence of elevated CRP and increased risk of cardiovascular events among various subgroups. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/5625 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/5625/4920