Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 6 2018 06 23 415 418 EN Aritz Gil-Ongay Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. María Elena Arnáiz-García Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. Cristina Blanco-Castillo Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. Ivana Pulitani Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. José María González-Santos Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain. Ana María Arnáiz-García Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. 2017 01 11 2017 04 18 We present the case of how a massive proximal deep vein thrombosis result of an unknown recurrence of a previously colonic malignancy treated, classically known Trousseau´s Syndrome, can mimic symptoms of severe peripheral arterial disease in a patient affected of peripheral chronic arterial disease surgically treated. Trousseau´s Syndrome is commonly associated with serious and chronic diseases and a variety of paraneoplastic thromboembolic disorders. Thrombotic episodes may precede the diagnosis of cancer and be the potential marker for an unknown and occult malignancy. We highlight the key points of the Trousseau´Syndrome and those paraneoplastic vasculopathies related that can mimic a vascular disease or complication. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6133 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6133/5117