Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 55 3 2017 03 06 209 217 EN Pooneh Salari Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Bagher Larijani Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical. 2017 02 08 2017 02 08 More than a decade ago, personalized medicine was presented in modern medicine. Personalized medicine means that the right drug should be prescribed for the right patient based on genetic data. No doubt is developing medical sciences, and its shift into personalized medicine complicates ethical challenges more than before. In this review, we categorized all probable ethical considerations of personalized medicine in research and development and service provision. Based on our review, extensive changes in healthcare system including ethical changes are needed to overcome the ethical obstacles including knowledge gap and informed consent, privacy and confidentiality and availability of healthcare services. Furthermore social benefit versus science development and individual benefit should be balanced. Therefore guidelines and regulations should be compiled to represent the ethical framework; also ethical decision making should be day-to-day and individualized. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6215 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6215/4918