Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 55 12 2018 01 16 759 764 EN Batool Hossein Rashidi Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Massoud Amanlou Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Drug Design and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tahere Behrouzi Lak Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Mahya Ghazizadeh Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fedyeh Haghollahi Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Bagheri Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Mediwifery, Tehran University of Medical Scinces, Tehran, Iran. Bita Eslami Breast Diseases Research Center (BDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 03 04 2017 07 10 Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine metabolic disorder with unclear etiopathogenesis among reproductive age women. Evidences show genetic susceptibility and environmental factors were associated with PCOS. The aim of this study was to find the association between urinary concentrations of Bisphenol-A as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) and PCOS. A case-control study was conducted in 51 samples in each group. All cases were selected from women who diagnosed with PCOS at Gynecology and infertility center. The control group was selected from women who had clinical file in the center due to previous problem and came for routine check-up and pap smear. The participants were asked to collect a first-morning urine sample before any medical interventions. Total BPA in urine were measured with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. Comparison of BPA level between two groups shows significantly higher level in PCOS group compared with control group (3.34 ± 2.63 vs 1.43 ± 1.57 ng/mL, P-value <0.001). Using logistic regression analysis, BPA as the main dependent variable, was significantly associated with PCOS with adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) equal to 1.53 (95% CI: 1.14-2.05, P-value =0.004). The results of this study indicated that BPA may play a major role in the PCOS pathogenesis. Further investigations with better design are necessary to confirm this association. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6273 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6273/5028