Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 4 2018 04 09 214 225 EN Gholamreza Daryabor Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Sara Harsini Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 06 06 2017 12 18 Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which belongs to a group of conditions known as spondyloarthropathies that comprises psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and enteropathic arthritis. AS causes pathologic new-bone formation in the axial skeleton, and leads to chronic pain, axial fusion, deformity, disability and skeletal fracture. Several genetic and environmental factors are known to be associated with AS. Notwithstanding the fact that a multitude of genes, such as human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27), endoplasmic reticulum-associated aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), and interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) have been previously speculated to be associated with individuals’ susceptibility to AS, no consensus about their precise role in the etiopathogenesis of AS has been reached. In the present study, we summarize the current literature on the immunogenetics of AS and contemporize the research advancement that has been made over the past decade. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6513 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6513/5072