Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 3 2019 05 13 180 183 EN Reza Boostani Department of Neurology, Quaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Pouran Layegh Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohammad Javad Yazdanpanah Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Elham Vosoughi Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Azadeh Mohammadi School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Noseibe Joneidi Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Reyhaneh Bazargani Research Center of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran. Delaram Sayadpour Zanjani Research Center of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran. Saeed Ebrahimzadeh Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Iran. 2018 04 28 2018 12 19 The human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and other disorders, including a slowly progressive demyelinating paraparesis, known as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Dermatologic manifestations are common in patients infected with HTLV-1 infection. In this study, we evaluated the dermatologic lesions associated with HAM/TSP patients in Mashhad, Iran. Dermatological findings of 37 patients with HAM/TSP were investigated and compared with those of an HTLV-1 negative control group. A cutaneous biopsy was performed as needed, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results of the present study showed that 34 cases with HAM/TSP (91.9%) and 24 cases in the control group (64.9%) had at least one skin lesion or history of skin lesion before (P=0.010). Xerosis was found in 22 persons (59.5%) in the case group and 4 persons in the control group (10.8%) (P=0.000). Only xerosis was significantly associated with HAM/TSP. Skin manifestations were quite frequent in patients with HAM/TSP. Xerosis was significantly associated with HAM/TSP. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7222 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7222/5234