Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 59 9 2021 10 12 516 523 Farzaneh Kianian Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehri Kadkhodaee Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Reza Sadeghipour Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Behjat Seifi Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 10 22 2021 01 25 Inflammation, and remodeling in airways are the two crucial characteristics of asthma, a common respiratory disease. In asthma pathophysiology, the recruitment of granulocytes finally results in inflammation, leading to lung damage. In this regard, failure to clear inflammatory cells by programmed cell death, apoptosis will cause the prolongation of inflammation. On the other hand, in airway epithelial cells, apoptosis may occur, resulting in airway remodeling. Hence, dysregulation of apoptosis has been suggested to contribute to the development of asthma. Importantly, knowledge of the factors related to apoptotic cascade seems vital to explore various pharmacological interventions for the treatment of asthma. In this review, we highlight several important apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors contributing either to inflammatory cells or airway epithelial cells involved in asthma pathogenesis. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/8889