Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 159 166 M. Ansari M. Rahbani-Nobar H. Dolatkhah E. Fattahi A. M. Aghazade S. Mojtabaii-Motlag 2015 09 28 Helicobacter Pylori infection leads to different clinical and pathological outcomes in humans, including chronic gastritis and gastric neoplasia. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress associated with inflammation plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis. To evaluate the oxidative stress in H. Pylori infection we studied the gastric juice levels of nitric oxide and the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. A total of 43 patients suffering from H. Pylori infection were selected and 43 non-infected individuals were chosen as control group. Compared to control group, significant reduction in the mean levels of nitric oxide in the gastric juice of the patients was noticed (P = 0.0001). In the patients activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in gastric juice were markedly higher than those of control group (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0001, respectively). A reverse and meaningful relationship was observed between the levels of nitric oxide and the activities of superoxide dismutase in the gastric juice of patients (r = -0.35, P = 0.023). The results of this study confirm that H. Pylori has developed various mechanisms to escape the effect of immune system. H. Pylori have also developed strategies for defense against oxidative stress. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3174 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3174/3153

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 167 171 A. Mohammadi-Rousheh M. H. Noori-Mooghahi P. Pasbakhsh A. Abddvahabi M. Akbari A. Shokrgozar A. Sobhani 2015 09 28 Rate of in vitro maturation of oocytes is one of the challenges of assisted reproductive techniques. In this study we investigated the effects of supplementation of cysteamine on the rate of in vitro maturation of oocytes in two different media. Germinal vesicle oocytes were collected from mouse ovary and cultured in two media (TCM199 and MEME) with 0, 50, 100, 200, 500 µM/ml cysteamine. Number of germinal vesicle breakdowns and metaphase II oocytes were recorded. The results showed that the rate of in vitro maturation in 100 µM/ml cysteamine was significantly higher compared to control (P < 0.05). Evaluation of two media in this study showed that TCM199 improved the rate of in vitro maturation and oocyte maturation better than MEME; however, this difference was not statistically significant. These findings indicate that TCM199 as compared to MEME was better in rate of in vitro maturation of oocytes. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3175 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3175/3154

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 172 180 F. Z. Zangeneh F. Motammedi A. Bakhtiarian 2015 09 28 The central cholinergic system has been associated with cognitive function and memory and acetylcholine plays an important role during the early stages of memory consolidation. In this study, after training mice were tested with one way active avoidance procedure and retention were tested at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours of training and compared with non-shocked mice, in which it took 24 hours, a suitable time for retention test. Low dose administration of arecoline and physostigmine pre-training, immediate post-training and before retrieval showed that muscarinic agonist arecoline can potentiated memory in post trained and retrieval phases and reversible cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine potentiated memory only in retrieval phase. Scopolamine disrupted acetylcholine potentiation only in retrieval phase. In the second part of this study, the effect of dopaminergic system was investigated. Low dose of apomorphine and D2 agonist bromocriptine potentiated memory when administered immediately post-training, and D2 antagonist sulpiride impaired memory. When the cholinergic system was blocked by scopolamine immediately post-training, apomorphine and bromocriptine potentiated memory and sulpiride impaired it. In conclusion, these results suggest that, cholinergic system in retrieval phase is very critical and there was no interaction between the two systems in the post-training phase. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3176 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3176/3155

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 181 187 S. M. Mirzamani A. Safari S. K. Jena M. T. Hollisaz M. Safara 2015 09 28 Patients afflicted with chronic pain have both physical and psychological problems. This research investigated the impact of the psychological factors in the treatment results of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the patients afflicted with chronic diseases. The subjects were 37 individuals (20 males and 17 females) with the mean age of 46 who had referred to two centers of physiotherapy treatment to receive TENS treatment process. Subjects were suffering from chronic pain in upper part of their body, hands and legs. The subjects were tested and screened psychologically by PDQ4+, MPQ, MPI, and BDI questionnaires. On the basis of the personality disorder and the intensity of the depression, they were divided into two groups: 1) patients with psychological symptoms (n = 14); and 2) patients without psychological symptoms (n = 23). In order to study the rate of the pain intensity reduction in both groups, the MPQ questionnaire was used in three stages (before beginning, in the middle and at the end of the treatment). Also, the MPI questionnaire was used in order to review the inter-personal problems, the interference of the pain in life, daily performance and the rate of social support. Results showed that in each group, the pain intensity had significantly reduced as a result of the impact of TENS treatment and the psychological factors did not have meaningful impacts. Also there was statistically significant correlation between the rate of social support of the family members and the reduction of pain intensity. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3177 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3177/3156

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 187 190 M. Bagharpoosh G. Sangestani M. Goodarzi 2015 09 28 Labor pain is a cause of stress and suffering; for which many women seek methods to relieve this pain. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of relaxation techniques on pain relief during labor. This study was carried out on 62 pregnant women referred to Fatemieh hospital (Hamadan, Iran) during their labor. They were selected using convenience sampling and were divided randomly in two groups. The first group (control) received routine way of ward during their labor and the second group (test) went through the relaxation technique after training. The intensity of pain was determined using a standard pain number rating scale, and the behavioral reactions were recorded using an observational checklist. The statistical analysis of data showed significant difference in intensity of pain between the two groups (P = 0.0001). Also there was a significant difference in behavioral reactions between the two groups (P < 0.0001). Since the relaxation technique is easy to perform and without any risk and also has low expenses it is recommended for pain relief during labor. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3178 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3178/3157

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 191 195 H. Moayeri Z. Oloomi 2015 09 28 Patients with Turner’s syndrome (TS) are at an increased risk of developing autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-Tpo) antibodies and ATD in children and adolescent girls with TS. It also assessed the influence of karyotype on the development of thyroid disease. Sixty eight patients with TS were compared with 68 age matched healthy unrelated girls in this study. They were screened for anti-Tpo antibodies, free T4 and TSH levels. Sign and symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and the presence of goiter were also investigated. Anti-Tpo antibodies were found in 18 (26.4%) TS patients and 1 (1.4%) patient in the control group (P < 0.001), evenly distributed between the karyotypes 45X, 46X, isoXq and mosaicism. Out of 68 TS patients, 8 (11.7%) had visible goiter. Subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism both occurred in 2 patients (5.9%). These patients were characterized by higher levels of anti-Tpo antibodies. Visible goiter was found in 3 (4.4%) subjects of the control group, but all of them were euthyroid. We found that younger patients were more likely to be anti-Tpo negative (P < 0.001). Our data demonstrated a high frequency of ATD in a representative sample of Iranian girls with TS which is in accordance with previous observations. Regular follow up assessment of thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid function in patients with TS is recommended for timely diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction and treatment. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3179 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3179/3158

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 196 198 J. Kouranloo M. Rouzrokh A. R. Mirshemirani J. Ghoroubi 2015 09 28 Children who are operated for biliary atresia by the Kasai procedure have approximately 30% chance of survival for 5 years. In an attempt to define the role of this operation for biliary atresia, the surgery records of the past 15 years were reviewed. The aim of this study was to assess the benefits achieved from this operation in infants with biliary atresia. This study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery Taleghanei Medical Center from 1986 to 2000. A total of 36 cases, 15 boys and 21 girls were reviewed retrospectively. All the operations were performed uniformly by Kasai procedure by three investigators. Data regarding patient history, clinical presentation, laboratory and radiological features, operative finding, complication and mortality were collected and retrospectively studied. In these series 36 cases were classified as three groups. Group A, represented the successful category after the Kasai operation (11 patients, 30.5%) characterized by survival of more than 3 years and no jaundice. Group B (2 patients, 5.5%) was defined as survival of more than 3 years, but with jaundice, and group C (23 patients 63.8%) was defined by survival of less than 3 years (this group was further divided to subgroups). It seems that jaundice is the main prognostic factor after operation. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3180 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3180/3159

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 199 202 J. Ahmadi M. Izadyar B. Ashjaei M. Klantari H. Nahvi M. Joodi M. Vali V. Mehrabi 2015 09 28 Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVAD) or implantable catheter ports are devices which can be implanted subcutaneously. They enable prolonged and repeated access to the vascular system, into the peritoneal cavity or intravertebral space. This device is particularly useful for repeated medical injection, for blood sampling or transfusion of blood and blood derivatives and for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Although many patients benefit from the insertion of TIVAD without any secondary effects, any surgical implantation can nevertheless lead to complications. ‎In this study, we investigated the advantages and disadvantages of TIVAD catheter in pediatric age group. A total of 94 cases, 2 to 14 years old, were included in our study. We implanted TIVAD in these patients for chemotherapy in 83 cases (88.29%), for prolonged TPN in 6 cases (6.38%), for corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy after ‎Kasai operation in 2 cases (2.12%), for intermittent IV therapy in 2 cases (2.12%) and for need to partial parenteral nutrition in 1 case (1.06%). Out of 94 cases, 14 cases (15%) had some kind of complications and 80 cases (85%) had no complication. There was no mortality. Most patients and their parents (82 cases, 87.23%) were satisfied from TIVAD. ‎It seems that TIVAD can be a useful device for many chronic patients who need an IV access for multiple injections. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3181 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3181/3160

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 44 3 2006 06 15 203 207 M. Bakhshi ‎B. Shafayan A. Khodabandeh M. Keyhani 2015 09 28 2003 03 15 55 58 Ghavamzadeh A Jahani M Alimoghaddam K Iravani M Aghadmi N Tavassoli P 2015 09 28 Given preliminary evidence of timed, sequential chemotherapy of high dose cytosine arabinoside the current study was initiated to assess the side effects and efficacy of this regimen in patients with newly acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). Nineteen adults who referred to Hematology-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) research center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were enrolled in a trial from Aug 1999 to Nov 2000. All patients had a Karnofski classification above 60%. At this time induction therapy consisted of daunorubicin or idarubicin given at a dose of 60 mg/m² and 12 mg/m² IV respectively on days 1-3, and cytarabine (Ara-C) 100 mg/m² intravenously by continuous infusion on days 1-7, followed by Ara-C 1000 mg/m² given on day 8-10 every 12 hours by IV infusion. Consolidation therapy started after 35th day. Of 19 fully evaluable patients, 10 patients achieved a complete remission, whereas 36.6% patients succumbed to death due to regeneration failure. The clinical data show that the overall survival rate from diagnosis 55.5% (95% CI, 30.8-78.5) at 6 months for the entire cohort of the patients. Disease free survival is also 50% (95% CI, 26-74). Mean duration of death due to treatment was 20 days (range 17-29) after beginning the regimen. Presenting WBC counts, French-American-British (FAB) classification, sex and age were not useful prognostic variables. Fever, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting and GI hemorrhage were seen in 19, 6, 4, 7 patients respectively. It seems the 3+7+3 regimen is a promising approach for the AML patients regarding to high complete remission rate, but more supportive care should be considered. Furthermore any, benefit in long-term outcome can’t be determined regardless to the choice of post remission therapy (e.g., GCSF, appropriate antibiotics and etc). https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/2633 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/2633/2615

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 41 1 2003 03 15 59 61 Safdarian L Aleyassin A Forootan M Kamalian N Ahmadzadeh A 2015 09 28 A rare case of non-puerperal uterine inversion caused by a large fundal leiomyoma in a 39-year nulliparous, infertile woman resulting in intractable hemorrhage was reported after a myomectomy. Attempts to reduce the inversion vaginally by transecting the anterior and posterior cervix were unsuccessful and a laparotomy was performed. The inversion was not successfully corrected and hysterectomy was done. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/2634 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/2634/2616

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 41 1 2003 03 15 62 65 Gharibdoost F Akbarian S Akbarian M Shahram F Nadji A Jamshidi AR Davatchi F 2015 09 28 Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease. The mortality rate and causes of death are different in various countries. The present study is done to find out the causes of mortality in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in lupus unit of Rheumatology Research Center and other wards of Shariati Hospital. This study was retrospective according to medical records of patients who were referred to Lupus Unit of Rheumatology Research center, ICU, Gynecology and Nephrology wards of Shariati hospital during 10 years, from 1991 till 2001. Of 2021-recorded patient’s files, 165 (7.8%) deaths were already recorded. 84.8% were female and 15.2% male. The duration of disease was 36±12 months. The mean duration of follow up from entering the study till time of death was 25.9±16.8 months. The causes of mortality were as follows: infection (12.1%), respiratory (8.5%), CNS (13.9%), kidney (3.6%), malignancy (1.2%), unknown (7.8%), active lupus (3%). Infection accompanied with other causes (27.9%) , respiratory with other causes (11.5%), CNS with other causes (5.5%) and renal with other causes (4.8%). Infections are the most common cause of death in SLE Iranian patients, which is compatible with some multicentric studies. But in some previous studies myocardial infarction was reported as the main cause of death. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/2635 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/2635/2617

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 41 1 2003 03 15 66 68 Sharifian R Hosseini M Safai R