Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 361 362 EN Sina Moradmand Department of Cardiology, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehrnaz Rasoolinejad Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam-Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 No Abstract https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3914 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3914/3889

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 363 372 EN Sahar Taba Taba Vakili Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Taher Department of Internal Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nasser Ebrahimi Daryani Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 The present treatment goals for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) especially ulcerative colitis (UC) include rapid induction of clinical remission, steroid-free maintenance of clinical remission, mucosal healing and improvement of quality of life in UC patients. Immunomodulators have been reserved for steroid- dependent or steroid- refractory UC patients. Among these agents, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine should be used for maintenance of remission in quiescent UC. Calcineurin inhibitors can be prescribed as a short-term rescue therapy in steroid- refractory UC patients, but the long term efficacy of these agents remains unclear. According to retrospective studies, methotraxate is not recommended for inducing and maintaining remission in UC. Novel biological therapies targeting different specific immunological pathways continue to be developed and introduced for a variety of clinical scenarios in IBD. Infliximab is currently used for induction and maintenance therapy in patients who have moderately to severely active UC with an inadequate response to conventional agents such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, or immunomodulators. Other anti-TNF agents and biologic therapies are undergoing evaluation in clinical trials for their efficacy in IBD. Most patients who start biologics should continue treatment for the foreseeable future and potential consequences of discontinuation should be discussed with individual patients. Currently, data do not exist to administer biologics as first-line therapy in UC. Emerging data suggest that biologics may have the potential to prevent complications and limit disease progression. If such benefits are proven, biologics may be used in the future to modulate subclinical inflammation and to prevent the development of clinical disease. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3915 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3915/3890

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 373 379 EN Houman Alimoradi Toxicology Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Nasir Pourmohammadi Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Gholamreza Hassanzadeh Department of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Reza Hadian Brain and Spinal Injury Repair Research center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Sharifzadeh Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azam Bakhtiarian Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ahmad Reza Dehpour Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Vincristine (VCR) as a frequently used antimitotic agent which is commonly prescribed for wide spectrum of neoplasm, causes mixed sensorimotor neuropathy. Several evidences show lithium could be a neuroprotective agent, therefore to assess whether a pretreatment and at subtherapeutic dose it could prevent the peripheral neuropathy produced by VCR, rats were treated with VCR 0.1mg/kg i.p. for 3 alternative doses and / or lithium chloride (20mg/kg or 40 mg/kg i.p. daily from the first day to the day of sacrifice). Erythrocyte lithium concentration (ELC) and plasma lithium concentration (PLC) were measured at the seventh day of study and the day of scarification. After seventh day of lithium administration, PLC and ELC reached to a steady state at subtheraputic dose and they did not significantly change at normal housing situation. Hot plate, open field test and nerve conduction velocity were used to evaluate the sensory and motor neuropathy. Only VCR treated rats showed behavioral, electrophysiological and histological evidences of a mixed sensorimotor neuropathy by significant increase in hot plate latencies and a marked decrease in total distance moved and conduction velocities in both sensory and motor nerves. Lithium at the dose of 20mg/kg and specially 40mg/kg robustly reduced the rate of mortality, general toxicity and was able to ameliorate mixed sensorimotor neuropathy induced by VCR. These results suggest that lithium at dose of 20mg/kg and 40 mg/kg, potentially by its effects on cell survival pathways such as inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3β), can prevent both motor and sensory components of VCR neuropathy. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3916 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3916/3891

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 380 387 EN Jalal Vahedian-Ardakani Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Massoud Baghai-Wadji Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shahram Nazerani Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Reza Keramati Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tooraj-Reza Mirshekari Department of Pathology, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Kayvan Ansari Department of Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Wound healing has always been among important and crucial subjects in medicine. Morphine dependency has also been a social and health problem in the Middle East. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of morphine dependency on pro-inflammatory and fibroblast cell recruitment, as well as re-epithelialization and the revascularization processes involved in secondary intention wound healing in rats. A full-thickness wound (2×2 cm in diameters) was created on the dorsum of two groups of rats, a control group and a second group consisted of morphine dependent rats. During the first 14 days of post wounding the wound was excised consecutively at priorly planned days with peripheral margins of normal skin. The specimens were evaluated by two pathologists, who were blind to the study design, and the cellular population, re-epithelialization and revascularization were reported by them. Histological examination of the wound tissue showed evidence of increased population of fibroblasts and a plateau or decreased recruitment of macrophage and neutrophile cells. In the dependent group re-epithelialization was observed to be enhanced significantly in comparison to the control group while having an inhibitory effect on revascularization. The present study demonstrates that morphine dependency enhances re-epithelialization as well as tissue recruitment of fibroblasts; thereby probably enhancing secondary intention wound healing. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3917 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3917/3892

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 388 394 EN Valiollah Mehrabi Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Arianeb Mehrabi Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany. Maliheh Kadivar Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehrdad Soleimani Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azadeh Fallahi Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nazila Khalilzadeh Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 The aim of this article is to present a new Technique of giant omphaloceles repair in neonatal period and also later in life in patients that the primary repair has been failed. From 1999 to 2006, seven consecutive children (male/female ratio 0.4) with giant omphalocele (n=6) and Gastroschesis (n=2) were underwent this new operation in our center. In this technique, there were two operations. The mean of hospital stay was 38 days (range, 23-42 days), and full enteral feeding was achieved on the 8 to 25 postoperative day (Mean, 14 day). The final closure, in all patients was achieved between the 14 to 32 days after the first operation (Mean, 21 day). Mechanical ventilation was necessary for the mean of 5 days (range, 2-8 days). All patients are alive and have no complication due to the operation (1 month-7 years). Giant omphalocele and Gastroschesis can be safely repaired. The placement of an intraperitoneal tissue expander and traction of abdominal muscles can create the needed space for closure in several weeks in patients with giant omphalocele/ Gastroschesis.The aim of this article is to present a new Technique of giant omphaloceles repair in neonatal period and also later in life in patients that the primary repair has been failed. From 1999 to 2006, seven consecutive children (male/female ratio 0.4) with giant omphalocele (n=6) and Gastroschesis (n=2) were underwent this new operation in our center. In this technique, there were two operations. The mean of hospital stay was 38 days (range, 23-42 days), and full enteral feeding was achieved on the 8 to 25 postoperative day (Mean, 14 day). The final closure, in all patients was achieved between the 14 to 32 days after the first operation (Mean, 21 day). Mechanical ventilation was necessary for the mean of 5 days (range, 2-8 days). All patients are alive and have no complication due to the operation (1 month-7 years). Giant omphalocele and Gastroschesis can be safely repaired. The placement of an intraperitoneal tissue expander and traction of abdominal muscles can create the needed space for closure in several weeks in patients with giant omphalocele/ Gastroschesis. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3918 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3918/3893

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 395 398 EN Mohammad Hassan Abdollahi Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Seyed Khalil Forouzannia School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mostafa Bagherinasab Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Kazem Barzegar School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Asefeh Fekri Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Ahmad Entezari Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 2015 09 28 One of the most common complications of operation and anesthesia is shivering. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Ondanseton and Meperedine in preventing shivering after offpump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB). In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, the sample consisted of 90 patients, who were candidates of CABG under general anesthesia. These patients were assigned to three groups, each containing 30 subjects: meperedine group (A), ondansetron group (B) and control group (C). Group (A) received 0.4 mg/Kg/IV of meperedine, group (B) received 8mg/IV of ondansetron and group (C) received Normal Saline. All these drugs were injected 15 minutes before the end of surgery. After the end of surgery, the intubated patients were transferred to the ICU and their body temperature was assessed through eardrum by a specialist who was blind to the research. The incidence of shivering in groups A, B, and C was 46.48%, 31.18%, and 60.83%, respectively (P=<0.01). The incidence of shivering was 64.4% in males and 35.6% in females (P=0.222). Also, the amount of incidence of shivering up to 3 hours after surgery was 75.87 % (P=0.064). Bradycardia was 3.3% in group (A) and 0.0 % in group (B). Other variables (myoclonus, seizure and rash) showed no statistically significant difference (P=0.353). According to the findings, it was demonstrated that ondansetron is more effective in preventing shivering after Off-pump CABG than meperedine. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3919 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3919/3894

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 50 6 2012 06 15 399 403 EN Ramin Kordi Sports Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Mazaheri Sports Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Rostami Sports Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tels and Gandy Center of Surgery between 2003-2008 were evaluated. Forty three of 87 patients finally undertaken intravenous regional sympatholytic block according to therapeutic protocol. 37 patients (86%) received one block, 2 of them (4.75%) received 2 repetitions of blocks and finally repeated block for three times occurred in 4 patients (9.3%). A week after block pain relief outcomes was recorded as following; excellent in 7 patients (16.3%), good in the 32 patients (74.4%) and moderate in the 4 patients (9.3%). After a month, 8 patients (18.5%) showed excellent relief and it was good and moderate in 32 (78%) and one case (2.4%), respectively. Pain relief after three months was excellent, good and moderate in the 13 patients (31.7%), 25 patients (61%) and 3 patients (7.3%), respectively. In this study level of pain relief was significant in various intervals and it showed significant difference in relief three months after block (P=0.04). CRPS due to SMP(sympathetically maintained pain) is thought to be alleviated by phentolamine. Intravenous phentolamine infusion is potentially a new significant option for the therapy of CRPS. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3788 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3788/3763

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 527 530 EN Hassan Anari Department of Radiology. Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran. Bahman Bashardoust Department of Dialysis, Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran. Masoud Pourissa Department of Radiology, Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Soheila Refahi Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine. Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Iran. AND Departments of Physics and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Ultrasound is one of the preferred modalities for evaluation of the parathyroid glands. This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of high resolution ultrasound for secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure. From March 2008 to March 2009, ninety-one hemodialysis patients were examined by high resolution ultrasound (14 MHz) of the parathyroid glands in comparison to parathyroid hormone level. 43.9% of patients showed enlarged parathyroid glands with an average of 8.7 mm. The mean parathyroid hormone level of patients with enlarged parathyroid glands on sonography was 503 ± 450 pg/ml. We observed a significant correlation between parathyroid hormone level and enlarged parathyroid glands (P<0.0001). Sensitivity and specificity of sonography for detection of secondary hyperparathyroidism were 62.5% and 85.7% respectively. In conclusion, our study showed that high resolution sonography is a useful noninvasive method for the evaluation of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients on hemodialysis and that sonographically enlarged glands may be a measure of severity of secondary hyperparathyroidism. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3789 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3789/3764

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 531 535 EN Younes Nozari Department of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Babak Geraiely Department of Cardiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Recent studies show that, Inflammation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and in the pathogenesis of acute cardiovascular events. There is a possible association between ventricular dysfunction following acute myocardial infarction and high Sensitivity C-reactive protein (HS-CRP) and uric acid. In this study we assessed the relationship between HS-CRP and uric acid with LVEF and Killip Class in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In a cross sectional study, 188 patients (63 females and 125 males) with AMI (STEMI) who were admitted in CCU ward in Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran/Iran, were entered. Uric acid and HS-CRP were measured within first day of admission. We measured ejection fraction (LVEF) and used Killip classification system. The mean age of patients was 60.4±9.2 years. The mean of uric acid was 5.9±1.6, 6.6±2.1, 7.1±2.1 and 9.4±1.3 in patients with Killip Class I, II, III and IV, respectively (P=0.005). The mean of HS-CRP was 1.9±1.4, 14.2±10.9, 12.2±10.9 and 15.7±6.7 in patients with Killip Class I, II, III and IV, respectively (P=0.005). There was a relationship between HS-CRP and LVEF (Correlation coefficient= -0.788, P<0.001), but there was not between uric acid and LVEF (Correlation coefficient= -0.111, P=0.129), The plasma concentration of C-reactive protein correlated with LVEF and Killip Class in patients with AMI but serum uric acid was just correlated with Killip Class IV. It seems that plasma concentrations of HS-CRP and uric acid are useful for prediction of development of heart failure in AMI patients. More future studies are necessary for final judgment. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3790 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3790/3765

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 536 542 EN Kaveh Bashti Department of Orthopaedic Surgeon, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Issa Navab Department of Orthopaedic Surgeon, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 The current study was conducted in order to examine the effectiveness of shelf procedure in symptomatic adult patients due to hip dysplasia. This study is retrospective and was performed on patients who had undergone surgery by one orthopaedic surgical team during the past 20 years. Twenty-three men and twenty-three women were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 29.3 years at the time of operation and they were followed up for a mean of 9.3 years. Shelf acetabuloplasty was performed unilateral in 30 patients and bilateral in 16 patients. Results demonstrated that mean Harris Hip Score and CE Angle significantly improved after the operation, while osteoarthritis got more severe post-operatively. The severity of osteoarthritis and the Harris Hip Score respectively significantly increased and decreased 14 years after the operation. Results also demonstrated that as the age of the patient was less, and the patient was more satisfied and the degree of osteoarthritis was less at the time of the operation, the mean change of the Harris Hip Score would be higher and the results of the operation would be more favorable. The preoperative osteoarthritis was significantly worse in to-be-operated hips than their control hips, this difference was not significant after the operation. And finally, although Harris Hip Score has been lower in to-be-operated hips before the operation, it was higher in these very same hips than the control hips after the operation. In short, according to this study although the shelf acetabuloplasty is a salvage procedure and cannot cover the femoral head concentrically like the modern redirectional osteotomies , but it is an effective procedure for a young patient to postpone the progression of the hip osteoarthritis (OA) once it occurs in order to perform reconstructive surgeries later when justified. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3791 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3791/3766

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 543 546 EN Hamideh Shajari Department of Neonatology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Neda Rashidiranjbar Department of Neonatology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. Mahmoodreza Ashrafi Department of Neurology, Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine ,Tehran University of Medical Science ,Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 There is limited data in the literature on the normal size of the anterior fontanelle. This crosssectional study was to determine normal values of anterior fontanelle size on the first day of life, using standard methods. Anterior fontanelle size was measured in 400 term and healthy neonates delivered at the Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Examination included assessment of head circumference, anterior fontanelle size, weight, length. Type of delivery was also recorded. The mean size of anterior fontanelle was 25.34 ± 13.27 mm, and it was established in both genders, 26.70 ± 13.19 mm in boys, and 23.67 ± 13.20mm in girls. A significant difference between the mean anterior fontanelle size in boys and girls was found (P=0.023). There was no significant difference in anterior fontanelle size between the infants born with a normal vaginal delivery and those with cesarean-section (P=0.08). There was found a significant negative correlation between the mean size of anterior fontanelle size with both weight and height (P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between mean size of anterior fontanelle and head circumference or with gestational age of infant (P≥0.05). Our results proved possible to define a references range and centile chart. The method used is simple and accurate and easy used in the routine neonatal examination. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3792 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3792/3767

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 547 550 EN Laleh Eslamian Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Khatereh Tooba Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 The umbilical vein (UV) has a non pulsating and even pattern in normal fetuses. Pulsation of UV has been described in severely growth restricted fetuses with chronic hypoxia. We wanted to see whether UV pulsations could also be seen in fetuses with heart deceleration during labor, as an adjunctive measure to assess the intra partum hypoxia. In a prospective study Doppler examination was performed on 34 fetuses with normal cardiotocography (CGT) and 26 fetuses with abnormal CTGs (GA>37w and cervical dilatation>3cm). Perinatal outcome was assessed according to presence or absence of UV pulsations. The 2 groups were similar regarding gestational age, cervical dilatation, Umbilical artery blood pH, S/D ratio,Pulsatility Index( PI) and Resistance Index (RI). Intraabdominal UV pulsation were present in 6 (23.1%) of abnormal CTG group but no case were seen in normal CTG group (P= 0.005). Five of 6 (83.3%) fetuses with UV pulsation underwent cesarean delivery. The rate of cesarean delivery was 90% in abnormal CTG group without pulsation and 14.7% in normal CTG group. The frequency of Apgar score <7 was more in fetuses with UV pulsations (16.7% vs 5%) although not statistically significant. NICU admission was considerably more in UV pulsation group (33% vs 5%, P= 0.123). After exclusion of LBW fetuses the UV pulsation was present in 4 (19%) of abnormal CTG group, who 3 of them underwent cesarean section. Neither umbilical artery pH<7 nor Apger score <7 or NICU admission were seen in these 4 neonates. Pulsation in UV was seen in 23% of fetuses with abnormal CTG during intra partum period. Cesarean delivery and NICU admission was increased in fetuses with UV pulsations, although not statistically significant. When LBW fetuses were excluded no case of UA pH<7, Apgar sore <7or NICU admission were seen. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3793 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3793/3768

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 551 555 EN Farhad Mehrkhani Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Sara Jam Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Duman Sabzvari Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Fattahi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Kourorian Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hossain Jabbari Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Minoo Mohraz Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 Serum samples from 201 HIV positive patients were collected to determine the seroprevalence of CMV infection in Iranian HIV infected patients during March 2004 until March 2005 using conventional ELISA kits. An antibody level of >1.1 Iu/ml was considered positive. The seroprevalence of CMV infection was 94%.The maximum prevalence of CMV antibody was seen in patients with unsafe sex and IDUs. Prevalence of CMV was much higher in patients with low socioeconomic status and low level of education. 83% of patients with CD4<100 were CMV seropositive. Our study showed that a significantly high prevalence of CMV in HIV positive patients in Iran. By increasing the level of education and socioeconomic status the prevalence of CMV infection decreased. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3794 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3794/3769

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 556 559 EN Maryam Foroughi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saman Mohaghegh Montazeri Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Banafshe Moradmand Badie Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Pourya Heiydarpour Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Neda Roosta Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Mehrnaz Rasoolinejad Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hamid Emadi Cochak Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 09 28 It is estimated that one third of the world's population is latently infected with tuberculosis (TB). The HIV epidemic fuels the TB epidemic by increasing the risk of reactivation of latent TB infection and by facilitating a more rapid progression of TB disease. Although the incidence of TB is constant or decreasing in many regions of the world, rates remain high in developing countries as a consequence of the HIV epidemic. This study was conducted as a collaboration of the Infectious Diseases department of Imam Khomeini Hospital with the Microbiology department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The hospital dataset of 94 patients admitted with TB during 2003-2005 was reviewed. We aimed to study factors correlating with positive blood culture including age, sex, immune deficiency status, HIV serology and SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) status. In this study, we found that positive blood cultures are more frequent in patients less than 45 years old. Positive blood cultures were also more frequent in HIV infected patients and there was a significant correlation between blood culture and SIRS status. Therefore, we recommend that we obtain blood cultures from these high-risk groups in order to increase early detection of TB. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/3795 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/3795/3770

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 49 8 2011 08 15 560