Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 176 181 EN Mostafa Moradi Sarabi Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mahmood Doosti Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nahid Einollahi Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Soroush Shahryar Hesami Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nasrin Dashti Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CVD, accounting for about half of the attributed deaths. Cholesterol homeostasis is one of the most important factors in atherosclerosis. ATP-Binding cassette transporters cholesterol. Omega (ω) 3 fatty acids are important ligands for regulation of ABC transporters such as ABCG1. Concern has been raised that the low absolute intakes of EPA and high ratios of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-6 PUFA) to EPA may predispose some individuals to CVD. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is the most abundant ω3 fatty acid in the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of EPA on the expression of ABCG1 gene in the human monocyte THP-1 cells. In this study, THP-1 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium, THP-1 monocytes were then differentiated to macrophages with PMA (phorbol myristic acid) and stimulated with 50, 75 and 100 μM of EPA for 24 h at 37°C. We examined the effects of EPA treatment on the expression of ABCG1 gene using Quantitative Real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Our results, indicate that ABCG1 mRNA expression was significantly reduced by 50, 75 and 100 μM EPA fatty acid treatments as compared to the control cells (р = 0.009, р < 0.001 and р = 0.002, respectively). These results suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as EPA have an effect on the cholesterol homeostasis in macrophages, and they can change the expression of ABCG1 gene. It seems that EPA has different effects on gene expression and lipid metabolism. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4685 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4685/4320

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 182 186 EN Samin Zamani Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Javad Nasiri Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Behshad Noorazar Khoshgnab Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Ashrafi Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Abdollahi Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens not only in hospitals but also in the community has become an important public health problem. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of predominant pathogens from hospitalized and outpatients in a university hospital in Tehran, Iran. A total of 820 samples of common Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were collected from a major referral and teaching hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran during April 2010 to February 2011. The pattern of antibiotic resistance was determined by disk diffusion test as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI). Gram-negative bacilli were the most isolated pathogens. Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was the most antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were the most active antimicrobials against gram-negative bacilli whereas vancomycin was the antimicrobial agent most consistently active against the Gram-positive cocci. Community-acquired organisms were more susceptible to antimicrobial drugs tested than nosocomial isolates. The rates of antibiotic resistance among isolated pathogens in this study were approximately similar to other studies. However, high rates of antibiotic resistance among Acinetobacter spp and P. aeruginosa, the most isolated pathogens, indicating that antibiotic policy is urgently needed to prevent the resistance development ago. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4683 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4683/4321

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 187 191 EN Farzad Katiraee Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Vahid Khalaj Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Ali Reza Khosravi Department of Mycology, Mycology Research Center, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Mahboubeh Hajiabdolbaghi Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 The growing number of immunocompromised individuals has increased the incidence of infections caused by Candida species during the recent decades. Typing of C. albicans on the basis of DNA sequences at multiple loci has greatly advanced our knowledge about the epidemiology and phylogeny of candidiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity, and genetic relationships among C. albicans isolates obtained from HIV patients in Iran. using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method. We analyzed 25 C. albicans isolates obtained from HIV positive patients referred to Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS. After diagnostic test and DNA extraction C. albicans isolates were typed using the original MLST scheme explained previously include of six loci: ACC1, VPS13, GLN4, ADP1, RPN2, and SYA1. Fifty one (2.17%) nucleotide sites were found to be polymorphic; all were found to be heterozygous in at least one isolate. For the 25 clinical isolates, 22 diploid sequence types were defined by the genotypes identified from the six loci. The MLST data suggest a relatively high level of divergence in the population structure of C. albicans isolated from HIV infected patients. These findings indicate that in these patients there is a favorable context for the growth of potential pathogenic C. albicans. We found no association between fluconazole resistance, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) receiving and either sequence type or group. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4681 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4681/4323

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 192 196 EN Ebrahim Razi Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Armin Razi Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Gholam Abbas Moosavi Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. 2015 10 11 Increases in body mass index (BMI) are reported to influence asthma response to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between BMI and response to treatment in a group of patients that were referred for asthma control. Effectiveness measurements in this analysis included percentage of changes in forced volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced volume capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC (FEF25-75%). A total of 293 subjects with asthma of both genders and above 18 years of age were divided into the following BMI categories: 107 (36.5%) non-obese (BMI < 25), 186 (63.5%) overweight and obese (BMI ≥ 25). Percentage of change was defined as change in variable between baseline and end-of-treatment. Analyses of non-obese vs. overweight/obese asthmatics demonstrated non-significant differences in baseline FEV1 (1.62 ± 0.56 Lit vs. 1.63 ± 0.56 Lit L, P = 0.89); FVC (2.58 ± 0.73 Lit vs. 2.47 ± 0.82 Lit, P = 0.25); and FEF25-75% (1.04 ± 0.55 ml/sec vs. 1.05 ± 0.50 ml/sec, P = 0.47) respectively. Compared with non-obese subjects, in overweight/obese subjects with asthma were less responded to treatment. Percentage changes of FEV1, FVC, FEF25-75%, and FEV1/FVC in non-obese versus obese/overweight patients were: 79.57 ± 55.14 % vs. 62.13 ± 41.72%, P = 0.005; 47.71 ± 33.76% vs. 39.93 ± 28.30%, P = 0.036; 151.98 ± 127.82% vs. 123 ± 91.12%, P = 0.041; 20.54 ± 15.63% vs. 15.63 ± 11.32%, P = 0.005; respectively. Percentage changes of spirometric values to treatment in over weight/obese asthmatic patient were lesser in compared with non-obese subjects. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4679 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4679/4324

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 197 200 EN Hayedeh Haeri Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Omid Mardani Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fahimeh Asadi-Amoli Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Shahsiah Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran. 2015 10 11 Human papillomavirus (HPV) has also been suggested as an etiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV infection in esophageal SCCs in our region with strict contamination control to prevent false positive results. Thirty cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were chosen by simple random selection in a period of two years. PCR for target sequence of HPV L1 gene was performed on nucleic acid extracted from samples by means of GP5+/GP6+ primers. All tissue samples in both case and control groups were negative for HPV-DNA. Although the number of cases in this study was limited, the contribution of HPV in the substantial number of esophageal SCCs in our region is unlikely. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4677 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4677/4326

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 201 205 EN Laleh Vahedi Larijani Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Maryam Ghasemi Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Saeid AbedianKenari Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Farshad Naghshvar Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 2015 10 11 Most patients with gastrointestinal cancers refer to the health centers at advanced stages of the disease and conventional treatments are not significantly effective for these patients. Therefore, using modern therapeutic approaches with lower toxicity bring higher chance for successful treatment and reduced adverse effects in such patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of avocado fruit extracts on inhibition of the growth of cancer cells in comparison with normal cells. In an experimental study, ethanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and petroleum extracts of avocado (Persea americana) fruit were prepared. Then, the effects if the extracts on the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines were evaluated in comparison with the control group using the MTT test in the cell culture medium. Effects of the four extracts of avocado fruit on three cells lines of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and colon adenocarcinoma were tested. The results showed that avocado fruit extract is effective in inhibition of cancer cell growth in comparison with normal cells (P<0.05). Avocado fruit is rich in phytochemicals, which play an important role in inhibition of growth of cancer cells. The current study for the first time demonstrates the anti-cancer effect of avocado fruit extracts on two cancers common in Iran. Therefore, it is suggested that the fruit extracts can be considered as appropriate complementary treatments in treatment of esophageal and colon cancers. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4675 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4675/4327

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 3 2014 03 15 206 209 EN Seyed Mostafa Shiryazdi Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Saeed Kargar Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Hossein Neamatzadeh Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. 2015 10 11 The main objective of this study was to identify the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia in patients underwent lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy. This randomized trial study was performed from May 2010 to July 2011 among 108 consecutive patients undergoing thyroidectomy. Patients were allocated into 3 groups based on the 3 common type of thyroidectomy. Pre and postoperative serum calcium levels were determined by using standard protocol for all patients. All patients' preoperative serum calcium levels were normal. Post-thyroidectomy hypoglycemia occurred in 0%, 8.3% and 8.3% of patients who underwent total hypocalcemia, subtotal thyroidectomy and lobectomy, respectively, which represents 5.6% of all patients who shown hypocalcemia (P=0.58). Serum calcium levels were fall in 93% patients, however within several days were returned to normal ranges. We did not find a significant relation between the hypocalcemia and thyroidectomy types. We recommended determination other alternative factors as a more effective prediction for postoperatictor analysis method. The value of (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) KMO was 86.5% for dysthymia, 86.9% for oppositional defiant disorder, 77.5% for school related problems, 90.9% for conduct disorder, 79.6% for anxiety and 93.5% for Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, also the chi square value based on Bartlett's Test was 2242.947 for dysthymia, 2239.112 for oppositional defiant disorder, 1221.917 for school work problems, 5031.511 for conduct, 1421.1 for anxiety, and 7644.122 for ADHD. Since mentioned values were larger than the chi square critical values (P<0.05), it found that the factor correlation matrix is appropriate for factor analysis. Based on the findings, we can conclude that Wender Utah rating scale can be appropriately used for predicting dysthymia, oppositional defiant disorder, school work problems, conduct disorder, anxiety, in adults with ADHD. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4616 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4616/4422

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 5 2014 05 15 370 374 EN Alireza Abdollahi Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sara Sheikhbahaei Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alipasha Meysamie Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammadreza Bakhshandeh Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hasan Hosseinzadeh Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 This study was aimed at determining intra and inter-observer concordance rates in the Gleason scoring of prostatic adenocarcinoma, before and after a web-based educational course. In this self-controlled study, 150 tissue samples of prostatic adenocarcinoma are re-examined to be scored according to the Gleason scoring system. Then all pathologists attend a free web-based course. Afterwards, the same 150 samples [with different codes compared to the previous ones] are distributed differently among the pathologists to be assigned Gleason scores. After gathering the data, the concordance rate in the first and second reports of pathologists is determined. In the pre web-education, the mean kappa value of Interobserver agreement was 0.25 [fair agreement]. Post web-education significantly improved with the mean kappa value of 0.52 [moderate agreement]. Using weighted kappa values, significant improvement was observed in inter-observer agreement in higher scores of Gleason grade; Score 10 was achieved for the mean kappa value in post web-education was 0.68 [substantial agreement] compared to 0.25 (fair agreement) in pre web-education. Web-based training courses are attractive to pathologists as they do not need to spend much time and money. Therefore, such training courses are strongly recommended for significant pathological issues including the grading of the prostate adenocarcinoma. Through web-based education, pathologists can exchange views and contribute to the rise in the level of reproducibility. Such programs need to be included in post-graduation programs. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4614 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4614/4423

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 5 2014 05 15 375 380 EN Ghodratollah Maddah Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Hossein Shabahang Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Abbas Abdollahi Surgical Oncology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Vahid Zehi Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohsen Abdollahi Surgical Oncology Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2015 10 11 The emergent abdominal surgeries from either of traumatic or non traumatic causes can result in situations in which the abdominal wall cannot initially be closed. Many techniques have been reported for temporary coverage of the exposed viscera, but the result of various techniques remains unclear. During 94 months, 19 critically ill patients whit an open abdomen underwent surgery using plastic bags (Bogotá bag). The study population comprised of 11 (57.9%) male and 8 (42.1%) female with an average age of 32.26+14.8 years. The main indications for temporary abdominal coverage were as follows: planned reoperation in 11 (57.9%) patients, subjective judgment that the fascia closure is too tight in 6 (31.6%) patient's damage control surgery in one patient (5.3%) and development of abdominal compartment surgery in one patient (5.3%). Surgical conditions requiring temporary abdominal closure was severe post operative peritonitis in 9 (47.4%) patients, post operative intestinal fistula in 4 (21.1%) patients, post traumatic intra abdominal bleeding in 3 (15.8%) patients and intestinal obstructions in 3 (15.8%) patients. Length of hospitalization was 45+23.25 days and the mean total number of laparotomies was 6.2+3.75 times per patient. Three bowel fistulas occurred due to a missed injury at the time of initial operation that was discovered during changing the plastic sheet. They were unrelated to coverage technique. All of them were treated by repair of the defect and serosal patch by adjacent bowel loop. Only one (10.0%) patient underwent definitive closure within 6 months of initial operation. The remaining survivor has declined to have hernia repaired. There were 4 (%21.1) early postoperative deaths that were not related to the abdominal coverage technique. Also, there were 5 (26.3%) late deaths that were due to dissemination of malignancy with a mean survival time of 20.8+13 (range 2-54) months. Currently 10 patients (52.6%) are alive at a follow up of 45 (range 1-94) months. Only one (10.0%) patient underwent definitive closure within 6 months of initial operation. The remaining survivor has declined to have hernia repaired. Bogotá bag technique is a rapid, simple and inexpensive technique for temporary abdominal coverage. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4612 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4612/4425

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 5 2014 05 15 381 384 EN Kambiz Kamyab Department of Dermatopathology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Amir Hooshang Ehsani Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Arghavan Azizpour Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Zahra Mehdizad Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Zeinab Aryanian Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Azadeh Goodarzi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Nessa Aghazadeh Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Pardis Hejazi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Mehrnaz Salehi Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. Zahra Seyedain Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 Kaposi's sarcoma is a low-grade vascular tumor that its prevalence is increasing all around the world due to the increasing prevalence of HIV and organ transplantations. In this study, we assessed risk factors of Kaposi's sarcoma among Iranian patients were referred to Dermatopathology Department of Razi Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences between the years of 2006 to 2011. Also, disease stages have been assessed on pathologic specimens. Thirty four patients diagnosed with Kaposi's sarcoma entered the study. Of the 34 patients, 29% were female, and 71% were male, mean age was 66 years and average disease duration was 6 months. The most common patient's pathologic stages were reported: patch 32%, patch to plaque 24%, plaque 12%. The most prevalent location of involvement was lower extremity (88%), and upper extremity was involved in 24%. At presentation time, the mean number of lesions was 3 to 4. 15% of patients had a history of smoking and 15% had a history of immunosuppressive drugs. HIV infection did not observe in the patients. Based on the present study, Kaposi's sarcoma is a disease of elderly and is higher in older men. The most common site of Kaposi's sarcoma involvement is lower extremity, and the most common pathologic stage was the patch to plaque. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4610 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4610/4426

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 5 2014 05 15 385 389 EN Pouya Javadian Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Research Center & Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shohreh Alimohamadi Department of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Hadi Gharedaghi Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Research Center & Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Research Center & Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 The possible effect of iron supplementation has been investigated in the normal population and patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In this study, we survey the risk factors of GDM in pregnant women in contrast with normoglycemic patients in a case control study in patients using iron supplement. This case control study conducted on 52 pregnant women with GDM (25 women with type Al and 27 women with Type A2 of GDM). The control group randomly selected 50 normoglycemic women. Venous blood sampling was done between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy for measuring of ferritin, lipoproteins, uric acid and malondialdehyde serum levels. Under study variables including age, gestational age, weight and BMI were gathered. All the women were followed up until the time of delivery and pregnancy outcome were gathered. The serum ferritin levels in GDM group was 31.22+15.44, which is significantly higher than 24.76+8.94, in the control group with (P=0.012). Plasma hemogulobin in the control group was 12.2+0.1 compared to 12.9+0.1 in GDM group which was significantly lower (P=0.005). Triglycerides was significantly higher in GDM group in contrast with the control group, 275.08+143.17 and 192.30+92.13 (P=0.001), respectively. Finally, our findings indicate the concentration of serum ferritin levels was significantly higher in The GDM group. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4608 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/4608/4428

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 52 5 2014 05 15 390 399 EN Mohammad Heidari Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Majdzadeh Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Parvin Pasalar Students' Scientific Research center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran. Saharnaz Nedjat Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 This study aims to investigate the quality of life (QOL) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences' (TUMS) medical students at different educational levels and specify the most important factors related to this quality. A sample of 242 medical students was selected randomly, given their number in three educational levels (basic sciences, physiopathology-stager and intern). The QOL was measured by WHOQOL-BREF. The students obtained average high score in two psychological and environmental health domains, and low score in physical health and social relationship domains. As the educational level of students increased their quality of life decreased at all four domains. At social relat