Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 623 624 EN Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. and Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran Elham Rayzan Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND International Hematology/Oncology of Pediatrics Experts (IHOPE), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. 2018 10 17 2018 11 14 No Abstract https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7535 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7535/5164 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7535/5165

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 625 634 EN Javad Fahanik-Babaei Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farnaz Nikbakht Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehrdad Roghani Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. 2017 12 06 2018 11 13 - Intrahippocampal amyloid β (Aβ) negatively affects synaptic plasticity with subsequent impairment of learning and memory. Trigonelline is an alkaloid commonly found in fenugreek seeds and coffee beans with neuroprotective property and a promising agent for management of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the present study, the possible beneficial effect of trigonelline on the improvement of learning and memory and synaptic plasticity was evaluated in Aβ (1-40) rat model of AD. For modeling AD, aggregated A https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6874 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6874/5166

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 635 639 EN Khyber Saify Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Mostafa Saadat Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. 2018 08 13 2018 11 10 Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1, OMIM: 147450, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase) is one of the major antioxidant enzymes, which plays an important role in clearance of reactive oxygen species. A common genetic polymorphism of 50 bp insertion/deletion (Ins/Del) in the promoter region of the SOD1 has been reported. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between this polymorphism and the risk of opium (OD) and methamphetamine (MD) dependency. The present report was consisted of two case-control studies. The first study consisted of 143 OD subjects and 570 healthy controls. The second study consisted of 65 cases with MD and 635 controls. The controls were selected randomly from the healthy blood donors. Genotyping were carried out using PCR based method. Statistical analysis indicated that neither the Ins/Del (OR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.69-1.62, P=0.788) nor the Del/Del (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.13-2.55, P=0.464) genotypes were associated with the risk of OD. Although the frequency of the Ins/Del genotype was lower among methamphetamine-dependent persons compared to healthy control subjects, there was no significant association between the Ins/Del polymorphism and the risk of MD (OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.44-1.53, P=0.547). The present findings demonstrated that the SOD1 50bp Ins/Del polymorphism is not associated with the risk of OD and MD. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7432 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7432/5168

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 640 644 EN Amin Mirzaeian Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. AND Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Mohammad Mahdi Mohammadi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. AND Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Fatemeh Mirzaeyan Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahram Chahardouli Department of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shahrbano Rostami Department of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 05 04 2018 09 07 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant transformation and proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow, blood and extramedullary sites and the second most common acute leukemia in adults. While dose-intensification strategies have led to a significant improvement in outcomes for pediatric patients, the prognosis for the elderly remains very poor. Aberrant or excessive expression of cytokines may be related to the pathogenesis of acute leukemia. TGF-β is a cytokine that plays a role in regulating various cellular processes such as growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. We evaluated the expression of TGF-β mRNA in adults with ALL compared to the control and its relationship with disease-related prognostic factors. Bone marrow specimens were obtained from 90 newly-diagnosed adults with ALL and 33 healthy adults. After immunophenotyping by flow cytometry, RNA was extracted, and RQ-PCR was done. Our result showed that from all patients, 63 (70%) were identified as B-ALL and 27(30%) as T-ALL. TGF-β transcript levels in both T-ALL and B-ALL patients showed a significant decrease compared to the control group (P < 0.001). However, the expression of the TGF-β transcripts was not different between the different immunophenotypic subtypes (P=0.54). The gene expression level of TGF-β was not correlated with age (P=0.47), gender (P=0.29), ALL subtypes (P=0.54), the percentage of bone marrow blasts (P=0.92) and peripheral blood leukocyte count (P=0.38) of ALL patients. In conclusion, since TGF-β has a tumor suppressor role, it seems that leukemic cells may use TGF-β down-regulation to be more freely proliferated and evolve the clone. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7244 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7244/5167

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 645 652 EN Alireza Heidari-Bakavoli Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Seyed Mahdi Hassanian Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Microanatomy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Amir Avan Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mojtaba Shafiee Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Afsane Bahrami Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. Maryam Tayefi Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Samaneh Khakpouri Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Parvin Zamani Department of Medical Biotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohsen Moohebati Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mahmoud Ebrahimi Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Farzad Rahmani Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Habibollah Esmaeili Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohsen Nematy Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohammad Safarian Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Gordon A. Ferns Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK. Mahmoud Reza Azarpajouh Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohammad Reza Parizadeh Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2017 06 01 2017 12 18 Hypertriglyceridemia is a common form of dyslipidemia and is associated with several comorbidities, such as increased risk of pancreatitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The white blood cell (WBC) count is a non-specific inflammatory marker associated with a wide variety of diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to perform a gender-stratified examination of the association between hypertriglyceridemia and hematological parameters in a large sample of Iranian population. The triglyceride (TG) levels and hematological parameters were measured in 9,780 participants (40% males and 60% females) aged 35-65 years, enrolled in a population-based cohort (MASHAD) study in northeastern Iran. Participants were stratified into three groups based on the definition of hypertriglyceridemia: TG<150 mg/dl (n=6521), TG=150-199 mg/dl (n=1597), and TG≥200 mg/dl (n=1662). A complete blood count (CBC) was obtained for all the subjects. The mean WBC count increased with increasing severity of hypertriglyceridemia among both men and women. Participants with high and very high TG levels had significantly higher WBC count, RBC count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and significantly lower RDW. After performing multivariate logistic regression, WBC count and RDW were independently related to hypertriglyceridemia. In conclusion, hypertriglyceridemia is associated with elevated WBC count which may partly explain the observed association between hypertriglyceridemia and CVD. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6501 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6501/5169

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 12 653 659 EN Narges Sadeghipour Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Farnaz Lotfiyani Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Reza Raoofian Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad-Reza Noori-Daloii Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Cyrus Azimi Genetics Group, Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mansour Heidari Experimental Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2018 07 05 2018 11 10 The OCT1 and TGIFLX transcription factors are members of homeodomains whose expressions have been implicated in normal and abnormal development. However, the expression of TGIFLX and OCT1 in colorectal cancer is unknown. This study aimed to detect the expression of OCT1 and TGIFLX in clinical samples of colorectal cancer. Twenty-six pairs of colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent non-tumoral tissue were obtained at the time of surgery from patients with colorectal cancer. The expression of TGIFLX and OCT1 was detected by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). OCT1 was down-regulated in colorectal carcinoma samples in both males (58.33%) and females (57.14%). By contrast, TGIFLX was mainly (41.63%) expressed in colorectal tumors of males' samples but not in para-neoplastic normal tissues. OCT1 expression was not significantly associated with the gender and site of primary tumor (P>0.05), but the expression of TGIFLX was associated with male patients (P<0.05). In conclusion, dysregulation of OCT1 and TGIFLX genes might be novel prognostic biomarkers for patients with colorectal cancer.   https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7360 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7360/5170

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 660 664 EN Mehrdad Goodarzi Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hossein Ali Khazaei Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Immunology Research Center (CIRC), Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Bahar Ashjaei Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Maryam Ghavami Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Mansour Mollaeian Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nora Bigdeli Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . Ali Talebi Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Azita Parvizizadeh Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Gholamreza Badfar Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Alireza Ebrahim Soltani Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Nahvi Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Valiullah Mehrabi Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hedayatollah Nahvi Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . 2018 03 17 2018 08 10 Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare congenital anomaly that may be isolated or associated with other anomalies requiring prompt medical and surgical planning for optimal result. This study was conducted to show our recent experience on the outcome of treated patients in two hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). From January 2008 to May 2013 records of 43 neonates patients (23 male) with EA admitted in 2 children centers and all related data including demographic, diagnostic associated anomalies, surgical approaches, birth weight, mortality, and complications were collected. Inability of feeding and swallowing was the most common symptoms (in 90,6%), associated CHD (44%), and Type C (EA) was the most common type of EA observed in 86% patients, The mortality rate was 4.7% and most common complication was anastomotic stricture (AS) in 60% of patients. Our study showed that despite improvements in management and survival of an infant with (EA), still sepsis, aspiration pneumonia, prematurity, and low birth weight and severe Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) were independent etiology of death and birth weight < 2.500 gr  has a significant  effect on the occurrence of postoperative complications. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7127 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7127/5171

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 665 670 EN Taraneh Dormohammadi Toosi Department of Rheumatology, University of San Diego, CA, USA. AND Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. Abodolrahman Rostamiyan Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. Khatereh Moharrami Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. Shafieh Movassaghi Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. Manouchehr Nakhjavani Endocrine and Metabolic Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.and Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran Amir Hossein Norooznezhad Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 2018 08 02 2018 11 10 It has been proved that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is linked to dyslipidemia and the risk of cardiovascular complications is higher in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate dyslipidemia in RA patients. In this study, RA patients were enrolled regarding the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their demographic information and medication profiles were evaluated. Clinical assessments were performed by evaluation of disease activity score (DAS28) and visual analogue scale. Moreover, laboratory investigations of lipid profile including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were performed. From a total of 150 patients with the mean age of 54.9±16.8 years, 65.3% were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. Females in menopausal ages had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia as well as patients with longer disease duration. Mean serum HDL, LDL, Chol, and TG were 52.76±13.8, 96.65±21.6, 177.26±38.9, and 128.04±33.9, respectively. Considering DAS28, 100% of the patients with high disease activity were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. In the moderate and low disease activity groups and also patients in remission the ratio was 77.02%, 66.66%, and 43.75%, respectively. According to the results, patients under treatment with prednisolone and methotrexate were more affected by dyslipidemia than those with prednisolone, methotrexate, and hydroxychloroquine. Moreover, in the patients under prednisolone, methotrexate, and leflunomide treatment, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly lower than those used only prednisolone and methotrexate. Altogether, it is necessary to have more clinical suspicion towards dyslipidemia and its complications in the patients with greater number of affecting factors. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7419 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7419/5172

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 671 676 EN Mohaddeseh Azadvari Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Seyede Zahra Emami Razavi Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Farid Rezaiee-Moghaddam Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emam Reza Hospital, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahra Reza-Soltani Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emam Reza Hospital, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sirus Azizi Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Emam Reza Hospital, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amir Rakhshan Department of Foreign Languages, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 12 20 2018 11 14 Spinal manipulation is a manual technique commonly used for the treatment of low back pain. The physiologic mechanisms of the spinal manipulation are largely unknown. One basic physiologic response for spinal manipulation is an alteration in motoneuronal activity, as assessed by the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) technique. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spinal manipulation on the amplitude and onset latency of H-reflex and on H/M amplitude ratio in patients with low back pain. Fifty-Eight patients with low back pain aged between 20-60 years, who had no exclusion criteria were included. Tibial nerve H-reflex and M wave were recorded before and after Lumbosacral spinal manipulation. Lumbosacral manipulation significantly decreased the amplitude of the H-reflex and H/M amplitude ratio (P<0.05). It had no significant effect on H-reflex  latency or M wave amplitude and latency (P>0.05). Lumbosacral manipulation produces attenuation of alpha motoneuronal excitability. These findings support this theory that manual spinal therapy can lead to a reduction in muscle tone. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6902 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6902/5173

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 677 680 EN Amene Saghazadeh Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Meta Cognition Interest Group (MCIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran Seyed Hassan Tonekaboni Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hossein Najmabadi Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Evin, Tehran, Iran. AND Kariminejad-Najmabaadi Pathology and Genetics Laboratory, Tehran, Iran. Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. 2018 03 31 2018 11 05 The ATP8A2 protein is mainly located in the brain and takes part in the lipid flipping process. Mutations in the ATP8A2 gene and chromosomal translocations that interfere with the ATP8A2 gene product have been reported in association with global developmental delay and hypotonia. Here, we will report a three-year-old male presented with major phenotypic features of dysequilibrium syndrome (DES), including severe hypotonia, global developmental delay, speech problem, and strabismus. Whole exome sequencing revealed a homozygous in-frame deletion in the ATP8A2 gene (c.1286_1288delAGA, p.Lys429del). This ATP8A2 variant has not been reported yet and seems to be linked to the phenotypic features of dysequilibrium syndrome. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7153 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/7153/5174

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 681 683 EN Christos Kakos Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Sofoklis Mitsos Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Nikolaos Madouros Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK Davide Patrini Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Reena Khiroya Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Elaine Borg Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. David Lawrence Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. Nikolaos Panagiotopoulos Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals (UCLH) NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK 2017 11 10 2017 12 23 Schwannoma is a benign encapsulated tumor of the nerve sheath. Amongst other sites, it develops in the posterior mediastinum in the costovertebral sulcus. We herein present a case of a 68-year-old woman with an incidental finding of a subcarinal mass. Radiological and histopathological studies were suggestive of schwannoma. Therefore, the mass was completely resected through a right thoracotomy, and a definite histopathological diagnosis was established. Although the subcarinal area is a rare site for this tumor to appear, the schwannoma should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of lesions in the subcarinal region. Treatment of choice is the nerve-sparing surgical excision of the mass with excellent prognosis. A review of the literature on this topic was performed. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6839 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6839/5175

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 56 10 2019 01 13 684 687 EN Gholamhossein Fallahi Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Parisa Rashtian Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Majid Aflatounian Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Nazanin Babaei Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehdi Gaisari Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. 2017 04 12 2017 12 18 Mastocytosis is characterized by the accumulation of mast cells in different tissues either in the skin or extracutaneous organs. Herein, a 13-year-old girl is presented who suffered from intermittent abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea with erythematous, and papulous cutaneous lesion. She had a history of same lesions from the age of four years. Since 8 months ago, the patient presented with digestive complaints. The histopathological examination of the cutaneous lesions approved the diagnosis of mastocytosis. H1 and H2 antagonists were prescribed for her, while a mast cell stabilizer for digestive and cutaneous symptoms was also utilized, which improved the signs and symptoms of the patient. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/6353 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/6353/5176