Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 529 530 Masoud Nashibi Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Amin Nashibi School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Sciences and Technology, Tehran, Iran. Seyed Amir Javadi Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Zahid Hussain Khan Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 03 04 2019 12 01 No Abstract  https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7782

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 531 536 Mehdi Sanatkar Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Ebrahim Soltani Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Takzare Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 09 11 2019 11 30 The bleeding during dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) surgery is one of the main complications that led to the surgeon’s dissatisfaction and increased the duration of the operation. The current study aimed at comparing the effects of labetalol and nitroglycerine (TNG) on blood loss and the surgeon’s satisfaction during DCR. The current prospective and randomized study enrolled 60 patients candidate for DCR under local anesthesia and sedation and divided into two groups. When the surgeon dissatisfied with bleeding during the operation, patients in the labetalol group received labetalol infusion at a rate of 0.5-2 mg/kg and compared with the subjects in the TNG group that received TNG infusion at a rate of 0.1 µg/kg/min. Additionally, the surgical condition was assessed by the surgeon using the average category scale (ACS) and surgeon’s satisfaction by a scoring system. The average bleeding in the labetalol group was 140.5±24.5 ml versus 170.4±24.6 ml in the TNG group, respectively (P=0.001). The average category scale for the labetalol group was better than the TNG group during all the time of operation. The surgeon satisfaction score during the operation was more in the labetalol group (3.4 in the labetalol group versus 2.8 in the TNG group, respectively). Labetalol was better than TNG for controlling bleeding during DCR procedure because of decreasing surgical blood loss and optimum operative condition.  https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/8074

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 565 568 EN Hajar Abbasi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Athena Behforouz Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 05 06 2019 11 04 Cardiopulmonary complications have been observed after the evacuation of benign hydatidiform mole which can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. We report a 30-years-old woman who came to our outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology at 9 weeks gestational age with sonography which represented molar pregnancy. Evacuation of the mole was done under spinal anesthesia as an elective procedure. The patient had a complaint of dyspnea, 6 hours after evacuation. CXR showed some reticular opacity in the field of both lungs with increased Broncho vascular marking. CT angiography showed pulmonary edema with subsegmental atelectasis in the base of both lungs without any pattern of pulmonary thromboembolism. Pulmonary edema was regressed by administering frusemide and conservative management after 8 days of ICU admission. She was discharged on the 10th postoperative day in satisfactory and stable condition. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7858

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 7784 7784 Heshmatollah Ghawami Neuropsychology Division, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azad Sabeti Neuropsychology Division, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alexander R Vaccaro Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA. Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar Department of Neurosurgery, Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 03 05 2019 10 02 Given the necessity of executive functioning to perform day-to-day activities, the capacity of widely-used cognitive screening tools to detect potential executive dysfunctions could have important meanings for health care practices. Current research on this topic, however, is still scarce and controversial. The current study is the first of its kind to assess the association between a commonly used cognitive screening tool with multiple executive measures from two wildly used batteries of executive functioning tests. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) along with the Delis Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) and the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) were administered to 73 healthy adults aged 16-40 years (M=24.34, SD=6.53). Most of the relations between the MMSE total score and the executive measures were significant and in the moderate-to-strong range. The highest correlation of MMSE was with the BADS total profile score (r= .62, P< .01). In a secondary analysis, among the MMSE domains, the Attention and Calculation domain had the highest relations with the executive measures. As a measure of general cognitive ability, the MMSE taps on various basic- and higher-level cognitive processes interconnected with the multi-dimensional and multi-level executive processing. Thus, empirical separation of executive measures and general cognitive indices is difficult. Using multiple measures of the executive functioning could be an effective strategy to better understanding the interconnections. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7784

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 569 571 Ahmet Mesrur Halefoglu Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. Betul Duran Ozel Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey. 2019 02 02 2019 10 31 Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a recently described histological type of pilocytic astrocytoma (PA), but the tumors show histological differences. PMA has more aggressive malignant behavior than PA. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may play a crucial role in the preoperative setting and also help to establish an appropriate therapeutic regimen. In this case report, we illustrated MRI findings of a hypothalamic-chiasmatic PMA in a 15-year-old female patient presenting with extensive leptomeningeal seeding. The patient was operated for total tumor resection, but could not survive the second post-operative day. We have comprehensively discussed the clinical, imaging, and histopathological features of these relatively rare tumors and also reviewed the recent literature. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7737

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 544 548 Leila Amini Nursing Care Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Heidary Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hamidreza Daneshparvar Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran. Homa Sadeghi Avval Shahr Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Abbas Mehran Department of Epidemiology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Bahare Afshar Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2019 01 15 2020 01 25 Intimate partner violence is a serious public health problem in all societies that affects all aspects of the victim’s health, especially mental health. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between intimate partner violence and mental health among Iranian women who referred to the Forensic Medicine Center in Tehran. This cross-sectional study was done on 196 married women who referred to the south center of Forensic Medicine in Tehran. Data were collected in 2013 by using three questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire, CTS-2, and GHQ-28. Data analyzed by using SPSS-14 software. The age of participants was 29.9±6.3 years (range 18-57 years). Most women were housekeepers (73%) with moderate economic status (48.5%). Physical violence had the highest mean score (37.29±16.80); and after that, highest mean scores are related to Psychological violence 29.37±7.01, verbal violence 14.83±8.15, Physical violence leading to injury 14.47±6.85, and sexual violence 8.38±7.36, respectively. Verbal violence didn’t show any relation with all subscales of mental health. The somatic and anxiety symptoms were significantly correlated to total, and all violence subscales score (P<0.001). Also, social function was correlated to total violence score (P=0.032), Sexual (P=0.002), and psychological violence (P=0.025). Depression symptoms were correlated to total violence score (P<0.001), physical leading to damage violence (P<0.001), Sexual violence (P<0.001), Psychological violence (P=0.002), and physical violence (P<0.001). Our results showed IPV is related to the mental health of battered women, but verbal violence didn’t show any statistical relationship with somatic, anxiety, and depression symptoms and social function. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7694

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 572 574 Parvaneh Dehghan Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. AND Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. Samaneh Kakhki Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. AND Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. Maliheh Eshaghzadeh Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. AND Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. Mohammad Amin Khezri Student Research Committee, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran. 2019 07 24 2019 12 24 Although the most common site in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) is the Waldeyer’s ring, the involvement of the tongue is extremely rare. The present study revealed a 70-year-old female with primary non‑Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) of the base of the tongue with the chief complaint of sore throat and dysphasia as a rare case report. The patient was expired 3 months after diagnosis because of the advanced stage of the disease and poor physical statue. The diagnosis was confirmed as primary NHL diffuse large B cell type by histopathological and immunohistochemistry results. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/8010

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 549 553 Mohamad Mohsenpour Azari Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran. Bahram Golestani Eimani Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran. Rasoul Entezarmahdi Department of Biology, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran. AND Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 2019 07 23 2020 01 13 Brucellosis is a common infectious disease around the globe. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of brucellosis on the serum levels of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) as well as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine in patients suffering from brucellosis. The present case-control study was executed on 40 treated brucellosis patients (case) and 40 healthy individuals (control). Blood samples were obtained from all the participants for the measurement of the desired indices. The serum levels of chromium in the case group (0.109±0.025 μg/L) was significantly lower compared with that in the control group (0.121±0.027 μg/L, P=0.047). The levels of lead in serum were almost unchanged between the two groups (12.58±1.94 vs. 12.28±2.42 μg/dL, P=0.533). The sTWEAK levels were significantly lower in the case group as compared to the control subjects (235.20±48.45 pg/mL vs. 262.00±67.25 pg/mL, P=0.044). The levels of hs-CRP were significantly higher in the case group (2.23±0.34 mg/L) than that in the control group (2.05±0.32 mg/L, P=0.016); similarly, homocysteine levels were higher in the serum of patients in case group as compared to the control ones (16.18±4.47 µmol/L vs. 14.36±3.06 µmol/L, P=0.038). The current investigation underlined that brucellosis causes alterations in serum chromium and sTWEAK levels, the markers that are considered as the predictors of cardiovascular disease. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/8004

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 554 559 Masoumeh Kheirandish Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Roghayeh Shahabzi Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Aida Azimzadeh Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Masoumeh Mahmoodi Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Vahid Dehestani Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 2019 03 04 2019 10 31 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Evidence shows that COPD increases the risk of type 2 diabetes possibly due to insulin resistance induced by inflammatory cytokines. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and plasma glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in patients with COPD. In this study, 50 non-hospitalized patients with COPD were studied. For all patients, a spirometry test was performed and FEV1 was determined. The quality of spirometry was assessed based on Guidelines from the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Task Force and the severity of COPD was determined based on GOLD criteria. HbA1c was measured by commercial kits. Anthropometric indices were measured and a questionnaire was applied to collect general characteristics of patients. The mean age of patients was 60.18±7.63 years. Seventy-eight percent and 22% of patients were male and female, respectively. Twenty-seven subjects were current smokers and 23 subjects were non-smokers. A significant inverses association was found between HbA1c level and FEV1% in (r= -0.722, P<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between weight and HbA1c level (r=0.349, P<0.05), and BMI and HbA1c (r=0.242, P<0.05). We could not find any significant correlation between age and smoking and the level of HbA1c and FEV1 (P>0.05). Our study showed there is a negative correlation between the level of HgA1c and respiratory function in COPD patients. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7780

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 57 9 2020 04 20 560 564 EN Leila Goudarzi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad bagher Khalili Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Mahmood Vakili Department of Public Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Maryam Sadeh Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 2019 03 18 2020 01 20 Consequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus (GBS) relating infant’s diseases are well documented. Although many women carry this bacterium in their vagina, they may transfer to their infant during delivery and may result in different neonatal invasive diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GBS and serotyping the isolated species among un-selective non-pregnant women who attended two gynecology clinics in Tehran. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 560 vaginal samples collected from non-pregnant women. Following inoculation of the specimen on Blood Agar, the standard technology was applied for the final identification of GBS. Detected GBS species were further confirmed using specific PCR directed on dlts gene. Capsular serotyping was done by using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The chi-square method was used for statistical analysis. Fifty (8.9%) out of 560 non-pregnant women were carriers of GBS. The most common types were III (36%), followed by type II (32%), Ia (26%), and Ib (6%), respectively. Results represent that the prevalence rate of GBS in non-pregnant women was reliable and similar to what obtained from pregnant women. In addition, the serotype III was found the most dominant types, as well as other investigations in the Tehran area. Therefore, vaccine designation based on type III is recommended. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/7813