Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 1 5 Niloufar Yazdanpanah 1 Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Parnianpour Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Mousa Behniafard Avicenna`s International Group, Gdansk, Poland Mohammad Ali Sahraian Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mehrzad Mehdizadeh Department of Radiology, Children's Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Ramezanzadeh 7 Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Atieh Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Behnaz Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Afrouz Motamed Department of Cardiology, Amir A’lam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Fekrazad Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research, Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. Mehrshad Esnaashari Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Riverside, CA, USA Sadroddin Motevalli Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Noor Branch, Noor, Iran. Alireza Ranjbar Institute of Interventional Allergology and Immunology, Bonn/Cologne, Bonn, Germany Fereidoun Mahboudi Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. 2024 10 31 2024 10 31 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11329

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 6 14 Vahab Fatourechi Emeritus Member, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition (Fatourechi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and Endocrinology Metabolism Consulting, LLC (Heshmati), Anthem, Arizona. Hassan Heshmati Emeritus Member, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition (Fatourechi), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and Endocrinology Metabolism Consulting, LLC (Heshmati), Anthem, Arizona 2024 10 31 2024 10 31 Selenium, a trace element present in specific selenoproteins, is essential for thyroid hormone metabolism. Selenium is also an antioxidant with immunosuppressive properties and may help in managing thyroid autoimmune diseases, including Graves’ (GD) hyperthyroidism and Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). There were 320 clinical studies related to selenium and thyroid published in English and French between January 1, 2000, and June 1, 2023. Our focus was to identify studies reporting levels of serum selenium in patients with GD and studies that assessed the effect of selenium supplementation on outcomes of GD hyperthyroidism and GO. We also reviewed 20 systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials that reported selenium levels in GD and the effects of supplementation on GD and GO outcomes. Our review showed that patients with GD had serum selenium levels lower than those of various control patients. In the short-term, a selenium supplement to antithyroid drugs showed benefit for GD hyperthyroidism in most studies, but long-term benefits and positive effects on remission rate were unclear. Some studies did not show benefit. The benefits may depend on baseline selenium deficiency. Two randomized controlled trials showed positive effects of supplementation for mild GO; however, studies about moderate and severe GO are still needed. There is evidence for benefit with short-term selenium supplementation for GD hyperthyroidism, but controlled studies are needed to assess long-term benefits, and benefits in selenium-sufficient areas. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11330

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 15 21 Ali Ghavidel Shoorabi Children's Department, Bohlool Hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Mohammad Ghavidel Shoorabi Medicine College, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Rahim Vakili Department of Pediatrics, Medicine College, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Ali Ghasemi Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Medicine College, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Monire Ghobadi Department of Operating Room Technology, Paramedical College, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Mehrsa Basiri Moghaddam Department of Operating Room Technology, Paramedical College, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad 2024 02 05 2024 09 29 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory manifestations of children with mucopolysaccharidosis type 6 before and after enzyme therapy. In this quasi-experimental study, 8 patients with MPS-6 referred to the pediatric endocrinology department of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad were followed up for 12 months. The level of urinary glycosaminoglycan was measured to check the response to the treatment. The range of motion of the shoulder and elbow joints was evaluated using a goniometer, and abdominal ultrasound was performed to check the size of the liver and spleen in the midclavicular line. The 6-minute walking test and the 3-minute stair climbing test were performed for the patients at the mentioned times. The height and weight of the patients were also measured, and echocardiography was performed. Then patients underwent weekly enzyme treatment. One of the patients (seventh patient) was excluded from the study. Patients were treated with enzyme from the beginning of the study. The patients were evaluated at 12 months later. Statistical analysis showed that changes in urinary GAG level, height, weight, changes in 6-minute walk and range of motion (extension and flexion) of the shoulder were significant (P<0.05). Changes in liver and spleen size compared to height, climbing stairs, corneal opacity and heart changes after 12 months of enzyme therapy were not significant. It is suggested that even though this method of treatment is not definitive, that can be continued to improve the current condition of the patient. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/10961

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 46 47 Mahmood Hosseinzadeh Maleki Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohammadreza Naghibi Sistani Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Saeideh Imani Moghaddam Department of Critical Care, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran. Fatemeh Ramezani Department of Critical Care, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran. Mohamad Amin Younessi Heravi Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran Mohsen Yaghubi Department of Extra-Corporeal Circulation (ECC), Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran. 2022 03 07 2024 10 12 Tracheobronchial calcification is a benign radiological finding seen in middle-aged and elderly females, usually of no clinical significance. We report a female with massive tracheobronchial calcification that is found incidentally after cardiac surgery.   https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/10028

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 22 26 Ehsan Valavi Department of Pediatrics, Chronic Renal Failure Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Azar Nickavar Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Parisa Amoori Department of Pdiatrics, Chronic Renal Failure Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Zahra Kiani Ghalesardi Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 2024 09 14 2024 09 29 Chronic kidney disease is a devastating disorder, which complicated the quality of life in affected patients. Determination the epidemiology of end stage renal disease (ESRD) seems necessary to decrease the occurrence of progressive renal damage in at risk patients. This study was performed to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and treatment modalities of children with ESRD. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 115 children with ESRD admitted during 2020-2022 in a pediatric nephrology center in Southwest of Iran. All children were younger than 18 years and referred for renal replacement therapy (RRT). ESRD was defined as glomerular filtration rate less than 10-15 ml/min/1.73 m2 for at least 3 months. Information such as age of ESRD, gender, etiology of ESRD and type of RRT were obtained from their medical records. A total of 115 patients (53% male) were included. Mean age at the time of ESRD was 8.47 years. Males outnumbered females. The most common cause of ESRD was congenital abnormality of kidney & urinary tract (CAKUT) in 36.5% of patients, followed by hereditary disorders. The majority of patients were older than 5 years at the time of ESRD, with a significant correlation to the underlying disorder (P<0.001). Parental consanguinity was detected in 77% of patients, especially in hereditary disorders. RRT was performed in all patients, including hemodialysis in 71.3% and chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in 28.7%, respectively. In conclusion, CAKUT was the most common cause of ESRD in our patient population. was the most common cause of ESRD in our patient population. Prenatal evaluation of all fetuses along with early neonatal screening of susceptible cases is suggested for preventing practice or slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11257

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 27 34 Ramin Eskandari Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mona Vatandoost School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Saeid Nourian Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran . AND Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yousef Rezaei Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Behyan Clinic, Pardis New Town, Tehran, Iran 2024 10 05 2024 10 09 Thyroid function has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, sex can influence on the association between thyroid function and other diseases. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between thyroid hormones and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and outcomes. In a prospective study, patients with chest pain undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography were evaluated. Patients were categorized based on the number of involved coronary arteries. Moreover, the severity of CAD was quantitatively calculated using the Syntax score (SS). All patients were also followed up for 3-month duration. The level of TSH in 150 patients was significantly higher in females than males (3.1 [1.7, 5] versus 1.8 [1, 3.3] mU/L; P=0.002). There was significant correlation between THS and the SS among females (ρ=0.477, P<0.001), but not males. Among both sexes, thyroid hormones were comparable between those with or without events during follow-up. The main predictors of high SS values included age (odds ratio [OR] 1.060, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.018-1.104; P=0.005) and female (OR 2.941, 95% CI 1.198-7.218). The main predictors of multivessel disease were age (OR 1.077, 95% CI 1.026-1.132), female (OR 5.853, 95% CI 1.880-18.222), thyroxin (OR 0.733, 95% CI 0.547-0.981), and thyrotropin (OR 1.333, 95% CI 1.079-1.647). Thyroid hormones are associated with the presence and the severity of CAD, but it might be sex-related. However, thyroid hormone levels could not predict short-term outcomes of patients. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11282

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 62 1 2024 10 31 35 39 Rozhin Hesami School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Behnaz Basiri Department oiversity, Izmir, Turkey Nur Arslan 1 Department of Medical Oncology, MOCA, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium. AND Division of Pediatric Metabolism and Nutrition, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey Behzad Baradaran Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Ayfer Ulgenalp Department of Medical Oncology, MOCA, University Hospital Antwerp (UZA), Antwerp, Belgium.AND Department of Medical Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey. ANDDepartment of Pediatric Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey 2021 01 28 2023 01 21 Obesity is becoming a concerning disease in developing countries. Like other multifactorial diseases, genetics plays a substantial role in the development of this disease. We tried to investigate genetic variations (mutation/polymorphism) of GLP-1R gene in children diagnosed with obesity and to identify their possible connections with obesity and other conditions. Genomic DNA was extracted from 162 overweight/obese patients and 100 controls. Later, full exon sequencing and association studies were carried out. Three polymorphisms and one mutation were detected in the fourth and fifth exons of the GLP-1R gene. Some variations were detected in three cases from which 1/3 had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but none showed insulin resistance (IR). There were also statistically meaningful results for ‘Odds Ratio’ among different genotypes and allele frequencies in groups with NAFLD and/or IR. In addition, there was an increase in risk for NAFLD and a decrease in risk for IR. In the homozygous group, also the prospect of IR was double declined. Patients with the A allele of this polymorphism showed a drop in risk for IR as well. GLP-1R polymorphisms could influence obesity and diabetes and thus the functional analysis of the GLP-1R polymorphisms is benevolent. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/9128 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/9128/5778

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 61 4 2023 07 04 247 250 Donia Chebbi Department of Internal Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia Sameh Marzouk Department of Internal Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia Raida Ben Salah Department of internal medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax Imen Chabchoub Department of internal medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax Mouna Snoussi Department of internal medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax Zouhir Bahloul Department of internal medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax 2021 01 16 2023 01 21 A 52‐year‐old woman developed progressive infiltrated purple and hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions in the face, thighs, armpits, chest, and abdomen evolving forone year. Histopathological examination showed large histiocytes exhibiting intact inflammatory cells in their cytoplasm (emperipolesis). Immunohistochemical analyses showed that the histiocyte population was positive for S100 and CD68, but negative for CD1a. Based on the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings, we made the diagnosis of Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD). Our patient didn’t manifest any other extra-cutaneous involvement and all the biological and radiological investigations were normal. This form of pure cutaneous RDD (P-CRDD) with multifocal lesions has been rarely reported. RDD is very rare and hardly recognized in the absence of lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of this entity involves a combination of histology and immunohistochemistry. To date, there is no standard treatment. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/9094 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/9094/5776

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica