Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 12010 12010 Ahmad Reza Dehpour Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2026 02 18 2026 02 18 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/12010 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/12010/6004

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 12011 12011 Niloufar Yazdanpanah Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Vienna, Austria. AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tommaso Dorigo Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Padova, Italy . AND INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy. AND Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ANDUniversal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. 2026 02 18 2026 02 18 No Abstract No Abstract  No Abstract  https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/12011 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/12011/6005

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 11568 11568 Rana Kolahi Ahari Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Toktam Sahranavard Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Mohsen Moohebati 3 Heart and Vascular Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Hossein Hatamzadeh Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Maryam Mohammadi-Bajgiran International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Sahar Ahmadi International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Alireza Heidari-Bakavoli Vascular and Endovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Sara Saffar Soflaei International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. AND Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2025 03 05 2025 04 02 This study aimed to explore the association between serum uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (UHR) and minor and major ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. The data from the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) cohort study comprised 9035 participants aged 35 to 65 years. A 12-lead resting ECG was recorded at baseline for participants. ECG abnormalities were defined according to the Minnesota coding system and classified into three groups: none, minor, and major ischemic changes. Minor and Major ischemic changes were observed in 6.2% and 14.1% of participants, respectively. Participants in the major ischemic group had higher UHR levels compared to those without ischemic changes on their ECG (odds ratio (OR)=0.023, 95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.011-1.035, P<0.001). UHR remained correlated with major ischemic ECG changes after adjustment for either age (OR=0.019, 95% CI=1.007-1.031, P=0.001) or various cardiovascular risk factors (OR=0.018, 95% CI=1.006-1.030, P=0.004). UHR was not significantly associated with minor ischemic changes. This research showed, for the first time, that UHR was significantly associated with major ischemic ECG changes. Indeed, the UHR provides additional information for risk stratification of subjects with myocardial ischemia.   https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11568 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11568/6006

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 11414 11414 Nazanin Hojjati Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Elena Nakhaei Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran . Sina Mohajernoei Department of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Somayeh Ghorbani Department of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Selma Tajizadeh Department of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. Farahnazsadat Ahmadi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran . 2024 12 15 2025 01 05 Iron deficiency is a common condition in women of reproductive age and has been associated with infertility and suboptimal pregnancy outcomes. Iron supplementation may improve fertility outcomes, but its effects on embryo quality and other reproductive parameters remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of iron supplementation on pregnancy outcomes, embryo number, and embryo quality in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial included 112 women aged 20-39 undergoing IVF. Participants were divided into two groups: one receiving iron supplements and the other serving as a control group. The study assessed pregnancy outcomes, the number of embryos, and embryo quality. Data were analyzed using statistical tests, including two-way ANOVA and logistic regression, with a significance threshold of P<0.05. Women who received iron supplementation had significantly higher pregnancy rates (50%) compared to the control group (28.5%, P=0.020). The number of embryos was also significantly higher in the iron group (5.00±3.297) than in the control group (3.39±0.888, P=0.001). However, embryo quality did not differ significantly between the two groups (P=0.055). BMI was positively associated with the number of embryos (P=0.002). Still, other factors, including age, endometrial thickness, and years of infertility, showed no significant effects on pregnancy outcomes or embryo quality. Iron supplementation improves pregnancy outcomes and the number of embryos in women undergoing IVF, but does not significantly impact embryo quality. These findings highlight the potential of incorporating iron supplementation into IVF protocols; however, further research is needed to determine the optimal dosing and long-term effects. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11414 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11414/6008

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 11694 11694 Nahid Kiani Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Maryam Shokouhi Solfi Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AND Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Fatemeh Eghbalian Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Nasrin Jiraiyaae Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Behnaz Basiri Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. AND Clinical Research Development Unit of Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2025 06 09 2025 11 09 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a leading cause of neonatal mortality with limited therapeutic options. This study evaluated the effect of melatonin on short-term outcomes in neonates with HIE. To determine whether adjunctive oral melatonin improves short-term clinical outcomes, including in-hospital survival, in neonates with HIE. A randomized controlled trial enrolled 80 neonates with HIE at Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran (2021-2023). The intervention group (n=32) received standard treatment plus 10 mg/kg oral melatonin daily for 5 days, while the control group (n=48) received standard treatment alone. Outcomes included seizure frequency, hospital stay duration, time to initiate oral feeding, time to regain consciousness, adverse effects, and in-hospital survival. Baseline characteristics, HIE severity, medications for seizure control, and paraclinical/imaging findings were comparable between groups (all P>0.05). No significant adverse effects were observed. The intervention group had a higher survival rate (81.2%, 26/32) than the control group (52.1%, 25/48) (P=0.04). There were no significant differences in hospital length of stay, time to start feeding, or time to regain consciousness among surviving neonates (all P>0.05). Adjunctive melatonin may improve in-hospital survival in neonates with HIE and merits further evaluation as an additive therapy. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11694 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11694/6009

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 11920 11920 Eitidal Hussain College of Nursing, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq. Zahid Mohammed Department of Basic Sciences, University of Baghdad, College of Nursing, Baghdad, Iraq 2025 12 03 2025 12 15 Fever is a common indication of disease among children and is considered harmful by many parents, occurring when the body temperature rises above the normal range. The normal range of body temperature varies with a child's age, measurement method, and time of day. To compare the effects of warm-water foot immersion versus vinegar compresses on reducing body temperature in febrile children. A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pre-test—post-test design was employed in this study, involving 180 children at Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and divided into three groups. Participants in the control group (n=60) received only standard hospital care; participants in the WWFI group (n=60) received a warm foot bath for 15 minutes; and participants in the vinegar compress group (n=60) received cider apple vinegar compresses for 15 minutes. Axillary body temperature was measured by using a mercury thermometer before and after the intervention. Using SPSS version 26, the data were analyzed. Employing descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U test for group comparisons. The control group shows only a modest decline in body temperature over time, starting at a mean of 38.91±0.53° C and gently decreasing to 38.17±0.50° C by 60 minutes (P=0.145). In contrast, both interventions significantly lowered body temperature in children with fever (P=0.001). WWFI produced a statistically significant reduction in mean body temperature from 38.88±0.42° C at baseline to 36.85±1.32° C at the 60‑minute mark, and the vinegar compresses demonstrated a significant, steep decline from a baseline mean of 39.05±0.54° C to 36.87±0.28° C after 60 minutes. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in effectiveness between the two interventions (P<0.001), with vinegar compresses being more efficacious. However, WWFI and vinegar compresses are both supportive non-pharmacological interventions among febrile children. But vinegar compresses were more effective than WWFI in reducing body temperature. As a non-pharmacological intervention, vinegar compresses should be involved in the fever management protocol for children, and additional studies with a large sample size and another age group in a different setting are also recommended. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11920 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/download/11920/6014

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 64 1 2026 02 18 11225 11225 Salehe Mehrafarid Department of Emergency Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. Farid Reza Ejlali Department of General Practitioner, Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran Hanieh Amani Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Maryam Mohammadi Emergency Medicine Specialist, Mehrgan Hospital, Kerman, Iran Seyed Reza Habibzadeh Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mahdi Foroughian Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2024 08 30 2025 07 29 Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) typiclopment Unit, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi Department of Infectious Disease, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeed Reza Jamali Siahkali Department of Infectious Disease, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa Mohammadi Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Banafsheh Moradmand Badie Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry (ABMTRR), Sydney, Australia Tahereh Sajadifard Department of Infectious Disease, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ensiyeh Rahimi Department of Infectious Disease, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 06 28 2023 08 15 Despite the improvement in COVID-19 therapeutic management the mortality of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients remains high. In this study, we determined the risk factors of death in these cases. This cross-sectional study evaluated clinical and paraclinical features of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients at the time of hospital admission until death or discharge from hospital between April and September in 2021 in three COVID-19 referral hospitals. The patients were divided into survivors and non-survivors and then the characteristics were compared. One hundred twenty-five patients (60% male, mean age 62±15.18, range 17 to 97 years old) were recruited to the study. 51(40%) survived and 74 (60%) didn’t survive. At the time of hospital admission, the vital signs were not significantly different between the survivors and non-survivors, although diarrhea was not reported in non-survivors, but reported in 9.5% of survivors (P=0.02). The mean age of non-survivors was higher (65.1±14.17 vs 56.9±15.41, P=0.003). The intubation time since the patients were admitted was not significantly different between the two groups (3.38±2.88 days vs 4.16±3.42 days, P=0.34). The mean of serum LDH and D-dimer at the time of ICU admission were significantly higher in the non-survivors (863±449 vs 613±326, P=0.01; 4081±3342 vs 542±634, P=0.009; respectively). However, the mean CRP was not significantly different between the two groups (76±66.4, 54±84.3; P=0.1). Mean APACHE-II score was higher in the non-survivors than the survivors (15 vs 13; P=0.01). Use of remdesivir, interferon beta-1a, and low dose corticosteroids were significantly higher in the survivors group (P=0.009, P=0.001, P=0.000). Success of weaning and ICU discharge among mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients are probably higher in younger patients with lower D-dimmer and LDH that received remdesivir, interferon beta-1a and low dose corticosteroids, while the intubation time did not seem to play a role on patients' outcome. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/10224 https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.ph