Articles

Iranian Nursing Students' Perspectives of Educational Equity

Abstract

Around the world there is a growing consensus that students' rights must be protected, regardless of race, creed, color, sex, religion, and socioeconomic status. One of these rights is the educational equity. However, little is known about these phenomena in nursing education. The aim of this study was to explore the educational equity from the perspective of nursing students. A qualitative study was conducted. Thus, we purposefully recruited for in-depth interviews 13 nursing students (8 female and 5 male). All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by thematic analysis approach to identify categories and themes. Four main themes emerged from the data: Fair Educational Opportunity, fair evaluation, attempts to combat discrimination, and employing qualified teachers.  It is argued that educational equity should be developed in higher education. Principles of equity and students' rights may form the most basic rationale for all formal and informal efforts to extend the right of equal access to education.

Everett BG, Rogers RG, Hummer RA, et al. Trends in educational attainment by race/ethnicity, nativity, and sex in the United States, 1989-2005. Ethn Racial Stud 2011;34(9):1543-66.

Sanagoo A, Nomali M, Jouybari L. Explanation of educational equity among Medical Sciences students: evaluation of Medical Sciences students opinions and experiences. HMED 2011;4(3):39-44.

Dortaj F, Moosapour N. Evaluation of Educational Performance of Quota and Nou-quota Student in Humanities. Q J Res Plan High Educ 2006;11(3):79-101.

Kheiltash O, Rust VD. Inequalities in Iranian education: Representations of gender, socioeconomic status, ethnic diversity, and religious diversity in school textbooks and curricula. InequalEduc 2009;24:392-416.

Masody E, Javaheri M. Analysis of Equal Opportunities Access in Development of Public Higher Education in Iran. Q J Res Plan Higher Educ 2003;9(1):73-95.

Makler A. Social studies teachers' conceptions of justice. Theory Res SocEduc 1994;22(3):249-80.

Gewirtz S. Conceptualizing social justice in education: Mapping the territory. J Educ Policy 1998;13(4):469-84.

Grech S. Justice and equality in education: a capability perspective on disability and special educational needs. DisabilSoc 2013;28(7):1034-6.

Chory RM. Enhancing student perceptions of fairness: The relationship between instructor credibility and classroom justice. CommunEduc 2007;56(1):89-105.

Robertson SL, Dale R. The social justice implications of privatisation in education governance frameworks: arelational account. Oxf Rev Educ 2013;39(4):426-45.

Stovall D. Against the politics of desperation: educational justice, critical race theory, and Chicago school reform. Crit Stud Educ 2013;54(1):33-43.

Toson ALM, Burrello LC, Knollman G. Educational justice for all: the capability approach and inclusive education leadership. Int J Inclusive Educ 2013;17(5):490-506.

McKenzie KB, Scheurich JJ. Equity traps: A useful construct for preparing principals to lead schools that are successful with racially diverse students. Educ Adm Q 2004;40(5):601-32.

Apple MW. Some lessons in educational equality. Educ Res 2012;41(6):230-2.

Montt G. Cross-national differences in educational achievement inequality. Sociol Educ 2011;84(1):49-68.

Phillips SE. Legal issues affecting special populations in large-scale testing programs. In: Tindal G, Haladyna TM, editors. Large-scale assessment programs for all students: Validity, technical adequacy, and implementation. Mahwah, New Jersey: Routledge; 2002: p.109-48.

Farsi Z, Dehghan-Nayeri N, Negarandeh R, et al. Nursing profession in Iran: an overview of opportunities and challenges. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2010;7(1):9-18.

Tabari Khomeiran R, Deans C. Nursing education in Iran: Past, present, and future. Nurse Educ Today 2007;27(7):708-14.

Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Emami A, ParsaYekta Z. Nursing experience in Iran. Int J NursPract 2003;9(2):78-85.

Tohidi H, Jafari A, Afshar AA. Strategic planning in Iranian educational organizations. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2010;2(2):3904-8.

Assadi SM, Zokaei N, Kaviani H, et al. Effect of sociocultural context and parenting style on scholastic achievement among Iranian adolescents. Soc Dev= 2007;16(1):169-80.

Eilers W. Education and Cultural Development in Iran during the Pahlavi Era. In: Lenezowski G, editor. Iran under the Pahlavi’s. Stanford: Hoover Instituation Press; 1978: p. 303-31.

Mehralizadeh Y. New reforms in the management of the university: transition from centralized to decentralized (university-based management) in Iran. Higher Educ Policy 2005;18(1):67-82.

Bazargan A. Introduction to assessing quality in higher medical education in Iran: Challenges and perspectives. Q Higher Educ 1999;5(1):61-7.

Streubert HJ, Carpenter DR, editors. Qualitative research in nursing: Advancing the humanistic imperative. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010: p..

Fossey E, Harvey C, McDermott F, et al. Understanding and evaluating qualitative research. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2002;36(6):717-32.

Vaismoradi M, Parsa-Yekta Z. Iranian nursing students’ comprehension and experiences regarding evaluation process: a thematic analysis study. Scand J Caring Sci 2011;25(1):151-9.

Fossey EM, Harvey CA. Finding and sustaining employment: a qualitative meta-synthesis of mental health consumer views. Can J Occup Ther 2010;77(5):303-14.

Vamos S, Zhou M. Using focus group research to assess health education needs of pre-service and in-service teachers. Am J Health Educ 2009;40(4):196-206.

Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol 2006;3(2):77-101.

Atwater MM. Significant science education research on multicultural science education, equity, and social justice. J Res Sci Teaching 2012;49(1):1-5.

Espinoza O. Solving the Equity/Equality Conceptual Dilemma: A New-Goal Oriented Model to Approach Analyses Associated with Different Stages of the Educational Process. Globalization, Education and Social Justice: Springer; 2010. p. 127-43.

Taxman FS, Gordon JA. Do fairness and equity matter? An examination of organizational justice among correctional officers in adult prisons. Crim Justice Behav 2009;36(7):695-711.

Symons JG Jr. Some comments on equity and efficiency in public facility location models. Antipode 1971;3(1):54-67.

Salze P, Banos A, Oppert J-M, et al. Estimating spatialbn accessibility to facilities on the regional scale: an extended commuting-based interaction potential model. Int J Health Geograph 2011;10(1):2.

Dweck CS. Motivational processes affecting learning. Am Psychol 1986;41(10):1040.

Sit CHP, Braman OR, Kerr JH, et al. Motivational style and actual and perceived academic performance of secondary school students in Hong Kong. School PsycholInt 2013;34(1):17-32.

Trigwell K, Ellis RA, Han F. Relations between students' approaches to learning, experienced emotions and outcomes of learning. Stud High Educ 2012; 37(7):811-824.

Mu GM, Zheng X, Jia N, et al. Revisiting educational equity and quality in China through Confucianism, policy, research, and practice. AustEduc Res 2013;40(1):1-17.

Bae Y, Choy S, Geddes C, et al. Educational Equity. National Center Educ Stat 2000;2(2):115.

Fleurbaey M, Peragine V. Ex ante versus ex post equality of opportunity.Economica 2013;80(317):118-30.

Buchanan A. The egalitarianism of human rights. Ethics 2010;120(4):679-710.

Christie P. The complexity of human rights in global times: The case of the right to education in South Africa. Int J Educ Dev 2010;30(1):3-11.

Kiefer ML. Zero Tolerance to Zero Opportunity: A Case for a Federal Right to Education under the International Covenant on Social, Economic, and Cultural Rights. N Engl J Int Comp Law 2012;18:393-445.

Lim L. Meritocracy, elitism, and egalitarianism: a preliminary and provisional assessment of Singapore's primary education review. Asia Pacific Journal of Education. 2013;33(1):1-14.

Rogers WT. Principles for fair student assessment practices for education in Canada. Assess Educ 1996;3(3):397-400.

Stobart G. Fairness in multicultural assessment systems. Assess Educ 2005;12(3):275-87.

Suskie L. Fair Assessment Practices Giving students equitable opportunities to demonstrate learning. AAHE Bull 2000;52(9):7-9.

Latifi M, Shaban M, NikbakhtNasrabadi A, et al. Effect of Clinical Evaluation with Portfolio on Critical Thinking Skills of Nursing Students. Iran J Med Educ 2011;11(4):368-81.

McCutchan JA. The experience of baccalaureate degree seeking nursing students undergoing the process of clinical evaluation appraisal [Dissertation]. United States -- Indiana: Indiana State Univ., 2010.

Clarke CM, Kane DJ, Rajacich DL, et al. Bullying in undergraduate clinical nursing education. J NursEduc 2012;51(5):269-76.

McKay S, Tate U. Student attitudes regarding gender bias in performance evaluations of salespeople. J Bus Psychol 2001;16(2):249-58.

Siskind TG, Kearns SP. Gender bias in the evaluation of female faculty at The Citadel: A qualitative analysis. Sex Roles 1997;37(7):495-525.

Tetlow T. Granting Prosecutors Constitutional Rights To Combat Discrimination. U Pa J Const L 2012;14:1117-351.

Torney-Purta J, Barber C. Democratic school engagement and civic participation among European adolescents: analysis of data from the IEA Civic Education Study. JSSE 2005;4(3):13-29.

Kangasniemi M, Viitalähde K, Porkka S. A theoretical examination of the rights of nurses. Nurs Ethics 2010;17(5):628-35.

Chonko LB, Tanner JF, Davis R. What are they thinking? Students' expectations and self-assessments. J Educ Bus 2002;77(5):271-81.

Sabbagh C, Resh N, Mor M, et al. Spheres of justice within schools: Reflections and evidence on the distribution of educational goods. SocPsycholEduc 2006;9(2):97-118.

Duke M. Clinical evaluation—difficulties experienced by sessional clinical teachers of nursing: a qualitative study. J AdvNurs 1996;23(2):408-14.

Crytzer ML. The effect of a high-fidelity home health simulations on nursing students' clinical performance [Dissertation]. United States -- Pennsylvania: Indiana Univ Pennsylvania, 2011.

Tanda R, Denham SA. Clinical instruction and student outcomes. Teach Learn Nurs 2009;4(4):139-47.

Files
IssueVol 52, No 12 (2014) QRcode
SectionArticles
Keywords
Educational equity Justice Students’ rights Education Educational opportunity Perspectives

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Ghiyasvandian S, Nikbakht-Nasrabadi A, Mohammadpour A, Abbasi M, Javadi M. Iranian Nursing Students’ Perspectives of Educational Equity. Acta Med Iran. 1;52(12):935-942.