Clinical and histological features of non-Alcoholic steatohepatitis in Iranian patients

Abstract

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a disease of unknown origin characterized histologically by alcoholic-like liver injury in the absence in the absence of significant alcohol intake. This study was conducted to assess the clinical and pathological features of NASH patients in Iran. Patients with elevated liver transaminases, negative serologic markers of viral or autoimmune hepatitis and no findings in favor of metabolic liver disease were enrolled. A careful history was taken with special attention to alcohol intake and ultrasonography and liver biopsy were performed in those with no evidence of significant alcohol intake. A histology showing moderate to gross macrovesicular fatty change with inflammation (lobular or portal), with or without Mallory bodies, fibrosis, or cirrhosis, was considered diagnostic for NASH. Patients with mild steatosis were rechecked for the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Fifty-three patients who met the above criteria entered the study. Thirty-two patients (60.4%) were male and 21 (39.6%) were female with the mean age of 37.8±11.3 years. Twenty-six patients (55.3%) were diabetic. Mean AST to ALT ratio was 0.95±0.52; 65.3%of patients had a ratio below than 1, and 95.9% were below of 2. Ultrasonography was abnormal in 32 (76.2%) patients. Liver biopsy showed mild steatosis in 35.7% moderate steatosis in 53.6% and severe forms in 10.7%. In 80.2% of patients, portal inflammation was present, and 15.1% had some degrees of fibrosis. The amount of increase in liver enzymes bore no relationship with the presence of fibrosis, portal inflammation, and degree of steatosis (P>0.05). The patients wee somewhat younger than other studies, and most of them were male which might be due to the low rate of alcohol consumption in our country. Most of the patients had body mass index (BMI) higher than normal. Our findings show that NASH must not be considered a disease confined to high-risk groups only, and its impact be larger than what is generally considered.