EVALUATION OF EXCESSIVE BLINKING IN CHILDHOOD

Abstract

Abnormalities of blinking in childhood are not uncommon. To determine the characteristics and causes of excessive blinking, this prospective, non–comparative consecutive case series study was carried out. In outpatient clinics of ophthalmology and neurology of our hospital, 60 children aging 2-16 years old with excessive blinking were examined. Detailed ophthalmologic and neurologic evaluation (history and physical examination) was done and etiology of excessive blinking and demographic characteristics of patients were determined. Of 60 children, 39 (65%) were male and 21 (35%) female. The most common causes were habitual tic in 25 (41.7%), uncorrected refractive error in 20 (33.3%), ocular surface abnormalities such as blepharitis in 6 (10%), psychogenic in 6 (10%) and central nervous system diseases in 3 (5%) cases. Excessive blinking in pediatric age group may occur because of a large number of potential problems. Most cases are caused by benign and self–limiting conditions. The causes can usually be determined after careful history and clinical examination. Neuroimaging techniques are not necessary to be done routinely.