Evaluation of Antibiofilm Activity of Dentol
,
Abstract
Biofilm is a community of bacteria which are attaching to a surface. They are responsible for many of catheter related or dental plaque related infectious diseases. Different approaches have been used for preventing biofilm related infections in health care settings. Many of these methods have disadvantages such as chemical based complications, and emergent antibiotic resistant strains. Therefore antibiofilm effect of Dentol was evaluated on two important medical bacterial biofilms in this study. Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Dentol was calculated by serial dilution method by microtiter plates against standard bacteria. Antibiofilm effect of Dentol was evaluated by microtiter plate assay and after measuring absorbance in 550 nm, the difference between groups was calculated by Cruskal-wallis and Mann-withney tests. Results: 1:80 (12.5 μl/ml) & 1:20 (50 μl/ml) dilutions of commercially available Dentol were measured as MICs for S.aureus and P.aeruginosa, respectively. Two-fold dilutions of Dentol MICs completely eradicated and inhibited biofilm formation. Statistical analysis between test groups revealed significant differences. Disscussion: Dentol is a medicinal herbal essential oil derived from Satureja khuzestanica (SKEO). Several in vitro studies have reported its antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects. So because of complications that have been encountered in health care settings from routine methods of catheter processing, and biofilm related problems, efficacy of Dentol for destruction of bacterial biofilms as a safe material was studied.
O'Toole G, Kaplan HB, Kolter R. Biofilm formation as microbial development. Annu Rev Microbiol 2000; 54: 49- 79.
Allison DG. Exopolysaccharide production in bacterial biofilms. Biofilm J 1998; 3(1).
Kite P, Eastwood K, Sugden S, Percival SL. Use of in vivo-generated biofilms from hemodialysis catheters to test the efficacy of a novel antimicrobial catheter lock for biofilm eradication in vitro. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42(7): 3073-6.
Jagtap AG, Karkera SG. Comparative assessment of the antiplaque activity of four marketed mouthwashes by in vitro and in vivo methods. The Antiseptic 1998; 95(12): 405-11.
Ji-Dong Gu, Brook B, Ralph M. Protection of catheter surfaces from adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by a combination of silver ions and lectins. World J Microbiol & Biotechnol 2001; 17(2): 173-9.
Mitsuya Y, Kawai S, Kobayashi H. Influence of macrolides on guanosine diphospho-D-mannose dehydrogenase activity in Pseudomonas biofilm. J Infect Chemother 2000; 6(1): 45-50.
Tichy J, Novak J. Extraction, assay, and analysis of antimicrobials from plants with activity against dental pathogens (Streptococcus sp.) J Altern Complement Med 1998; 4(1): 39-45.
Pratten J, Nazhat SN, Blaker JJ, Boccaccini AR. In vitro attachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis to surgical sutures with and without Ag-containing bioactive glass coating. J Biomater Appl 2004; 19(1): 47-57.
Lamfon H, Porter SR, McCullough M, Pratten J. Susceptibility of Candida albicans biofilms grown in a constant depth film fermentor to chlorhexidine, fluconazole and miconazole: a longitudinal study. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004; 53(2): 383-5.
Pratten J, Bedi R, Wilson M. An in vitro study of the effect of fluoridated milk on oral bacterial biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66(4): 1720-3.
Spratt DA, Pratten J, Wilson M, Gulabivala K. An in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of irrigants on biofilms of root canal isolates. Int Endod J 2001; 34(4): 300-7.
Pratten J, Wills K, Barnett P, Wilson M. In vitro studies of the effect of antiseptic-containing mouthwashes on the formation and viability of Streptococcus sanguis biofilms. J Appl Microbiol 1998; 84(6): 1149-55.
Cowan MM. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12(4): 564-82.
Amanlou M, Dadkhah F, Salehnia A, Farsam H, Dehpour AR. An anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects ofhydroalcoholic extract of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad extract. J Pharm Pharm Sci; 8(1): 102-6.
Saadat M, Pournourmohammadi S, Donyavi M, Khorasani R, Amin Gh, Nazar Saleh-nia A, et al. Alteration of rat hepatic glycogen phosphorylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities by Satureja Khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil. J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci 2004; 7(3): 327-31.
Abdollahi M, Salehnia A, Mortazavi SH, Ebrahimi M, Shafiee A, Fouladian F, et al. Antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic,reproduction stimulatory properties and safety of essential oil of Satureja Khuzestanica in rat in vivo: a oxicopharmacological study. Med Sci Monit 2003; 9(9): BR331-5.
Ghazanfari Gh, Minaie B, Yasa N, Ashtaral Nakhai L, Mohammadirad A, Nikfar Sh, et al. Biochemical and histopathological evidences for beneficial effects of Satureja Khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil on the mouse model of inflammatory bowel diseases. Toxicol Mechanisms and Methods 2006; 16: 365-72.
Knowles JR, Roller S, Murray DB, Naidu AS. Antimicrobial action of carvacrol at different stages of dual-species biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71(2): 797-803.
Merritt JH, Kadouri DE, O'Toole GA. Growing and analyzing static biofilms. Curr Protoc Microbiol 2005; Chapter 1: Unit 1B.1
Thrupp LD. Susceptibility testing of antibiotic in liquid media. In Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine 2nd Edition, Victor Lorian, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. 1986; P. 93-150.
Bayer AS, Speert DP, Park S, Tu J, Witt M, Nast CC, et al. Functional role of mucoid exopolysaccharide (alginate) in antibiotic-induced and polymorphonuclear leukocytemediated killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Infect Immun 1991; 59(1): 302-8.
Boyd A, Chakrabarty AM. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms:mrole of the alginate exopolysaccharide. J Ind Microbiol 1995; 15(3): 162-8.
Deretic V, Govan JR, Konyecsni WM, Martin DW. Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis: mutations in the muc loci affect transcription of the algR and algD genes in response to environmental stimuli. Mol Microbiol 1990; 4(2): 189-96.
Gacesa P. Bacterial alginate biosynthesis: recent progress and future prospects. Microbiology 1998; 144 ( Pt 5): 1133-43.
Mack D, Fischer W, Krokotsch A, Leopold K, Hartmann R, Egge H, et al. The intercellular adhesin involved in biofilm accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis is a linear beta-1,6-linked glucosaminoglycan: purification and structural analysis. J Bacteriol 1996; 178(1): 175-83.
Nostro A, Blanco AR, Cannatelli MA, Enea V, Flamini G, Morelli I, et al. Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococci to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2004; 230(2): 191-5.
Nickel JC, Ruseska I, Wright JB, Costerton JW. Tobramycin resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells growing as a biofilm on urinary catheter material. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1985; 27(4): 619-24.
Hoyle BD, Costerton JW. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics: the role of biofilms. Prog Drug Res 1991; 37: 91-105.
Bhattacharya S, Virani S, Zavro M, Hass G. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans and other oral streptococci by hop (Humulus lupulus L.) constituents. Econom Botany 2003; 57(1): 118-25.
Dunne WM Jr. Bacterial adhesion: seen any good biofilms lately? Clin Microbiol Rev 2002; 15(2): 155-66.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 47, No 1 (2009) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Biofilm Dentol catheter carvacrol Satureja Khuzestanica | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
