Serum Leptin Concentrations during the Menstrual Cycle in Iranian Healthy Women
,
Abstract
Leptin, a circulating 16-kd polypeptide consisting of 167 amino acids, appears to be involved in the body weight homeostasis. Moreover leptin plays an important role for the reproductive system, early embryogenesis, and fat metabolism during pregnancy and puberty. Significant correlations have been found between leptin and sexual hormones, which is a cytokine and has hormonal properties. The aim of this study was to determine serum leptin levels during the menstrual cycle, and the association between serum leptin and reproductive hormones in young, healthy Iranian women. 42 healthy women volunteered for the study. They all had regular menstrual cycles, with cycle length varying between 26 and 32 days. None of them used oral contraceptives. All were of normal weight, with body mass index ( BMI) < 25 Kg/m2. Fasting blood samples were collected during the follicular phase, mid cycle and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. FSH and LH were measured with coated tube immunoradiometric assay. Estrogen and progesterone were measured using antibody –coated tubes. Serum Leptin concentration were measured by Leptin (sandwich) ELISA. In menstruating women, serum leptin increased from 13.15+/-1.60 ng/ml in the early follicular phase to 16.57+/-1.68 ng/ml (P<0.01) at the luteal phase. Serum leptin concentration negatively correlated with LH and progesterone (P<0.05). Mean serum leptin levels correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r =0.78, P<0.001).
Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedman JM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994;372(6505):425-32.
Schubring C, Prohaska F, Prohaska A, Englaro P, Blum W, Siebler T, et al. Leptin concentrations in maternal serum and amniotic fluid during the second trimenon: differential relation to fetal gender and maternal morphometry. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1999;86(2):151-7.
Geisthövel F, Jochmann N, Widjaja A, Horn R, Brabant G. Serum pattern of circulating free leptin, bound leptin, and soluble leptin receptor in the physiological menstrual cycle. Fertil Steril 2004;81(2):398-402.
Karlsson C, Lindell K, Svensson E, Bergh C, Lind P, Billig H, et al. Expression of functional leptin receptors in the human ovary. J Clin Endocrinol Metab1997;82(12):4144-8.
Okudan N, Gökbel H, Uçok K, Baltaci A. Serum leptinconcentration and anaerobic performance do not change during the menstrual cycle of young females. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2005;26(4):297-300.
Antczak M, Van Blerkom J. Oocyte influences on earlydevelopment: the regulatory proteins leptin and STAT3 arepolarized in mouse and human oocytes and differentially distributed within the cells of the preimplantation stage embryo. Mol Hum Reprod 1997;3(12):1067-86.
Butte NF, Hopkinson JM, Nicolson MA. Leptin in human reproduction: serum leptin levels in pregnant and lactating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82(2):585-9.
Chehab FF, Mounzih K, Lu R, Lim ME. Early onset of reproductive function in normal female mice treated with leptin. Science 1997;275(5296):88-90.
Licinio J, Negrão AB, Mantzoros C, Kaklamani V, Wong ML, Bongiorno PB, et al. Synchronicity of frequently sampled, 24-h concentrations of circulating leptin, luteinizing hormone, and estradiol in healthy women. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95(5):2541-6.
Sinha MK, Ohannesian JP, Heiman ML, Kriauciunas A, Stephens TW, Magosin S, et al. Nocturnal rise of leptin in lean, obese, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. J Clin Invest 1996;97(5):1344-7.
Moschos S, Chan JL, Mantzoros CS. Leptin and reproduction: a review. Fertil Steril 2002;77(3):433-44.
Hardie L, Trayhurn P, Abramovich D, Fowler P. Circulating leptin in women: a longitudinal study in the menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997;47(1):101-6.
Messinis IE, Milingos S, Zikopoulos K, Kollios G, Seferiadis K, Lolis D. Leptin concentrations in the follicular phase of spontaneous cycles and cycles superovulated with follicle stimulating hormone. Hum Reprod 1998;13(5):1152-6.
Riad-Gabriel MG, Jinagouda SD, Sharma A, Boyadjian R, Saad MF. Changes in plasma leptin during the menstrual cycle. Eur J Endocrinol 1998;139(5):528-31.
Quinton ND, Laird SM, Okon MA, Li TC, Smith RF, Ross RJ, et al. Serum leptin levels during the menstrual cycle of healthy fertile women. Br J Biomed Sci 1999;56(1):16-9.
Paolisso G, Rizzo MR, Mazziotti G, Rotondi M, Tagliamonte MR, Varricchio G, et al. Lack of association between changes in plasma leptin concentration and in food intake during the menstrual cycle. Eur J Clin Invest 1999;29(6):490-5.
Cella F, Giordano G, Cordera R. Serum leptin concentrations during the menstrual cycle in normalweight women: effects of an oral triphasic estrogenprogestin medication. Eur J Endocrinol 2000;142(2):174-8.
Fernández-Real JM, Gutierrez C, Vendrell J, Casamitjana R, Ricart W. Plasma soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptors circulate in proportion to leptin levels during themenstrual cycle in lean but not in obese women. Eur J Endocrinol 2000;143(2):235-41.
Ludwig M, Klein HH, Diedrich K, Ortmann O. Serum leptin concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2000;263(3):99-101.
Asimakopoulos B, Milousis A, Gioka T, Kabouromiti G, Gianisslis G, Troussa A, et al. Serum pattern of circulating adipokines throughout the physiological menstrual cycle. Endocr J 2009;56(3):425-33.
Tsuchiya T, Shimizu H, Horie T, Mori M. Expression of leptin receptor in lung: leptin as a growth factor. Eur J Pharmacol 1999;365(2-3):273-9.
Wolf G, Hamann A, Han DC, Helmchen U, Thaiss F, Ziyadeh FN, et al. Leptin stimulates proliferation and TGF-beta expression in renal glomerular endothelial cells: potential role in glomerulosclerosis [seecomments]. Kidney Int 1999;56(3):860-72.
Sirotkin AV, Grossmann R. Leptin directly controls proliferation, apoptosis and secretory activity of cultured chicken ovarian cells. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007;148(2):422-9.
Teirmaa T, Luukkaa V, Rouru J, Koulu M, Huupponen R. Correlation between circulating leptin and luteinizing hormone during the menstrual cycle in normal-weight women. Eur J Endocrinol 1998;139(2):190-4.
Stock SM, Sande EM, Bremme KA. Leptin levels vary significantly during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and in vitro fertilization treatment: possible relation to estradiol. Fertil Steril 1999;72(4):657-62.
Lin KC. Changes of circulating leptin levels during normal menstrual cycle: relationship to estradiol and progesterone. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 1999;15(10):597-602.
Al-Harithy RN, Al-Doghaither H, Abualnaja K. Correlation of leptin and sex hormones with endocrine changes in healthy Saudi women of different body weights. Ann Saudi Med 2006;26(2):110-5.
Maruyama S, Minami S, Kaseki H, Ishihara K, Araki S, Suzue R. A comparison of serum leptin concentrations in obese and normal weight Japanese women with regular menstrual cycle. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2001;47(1):87-9.
29. Fenichel RM, Dominguez JE, Mayer L, Walsh BT, Boozer C, Warren MP. Leptin levels and luteinizing hormone pulsatility in normal cycling women and their relationship to daily changes in metabolic rate. Fertil Steril 2008;90(4):1161-8.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 48, No 5 (2010) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Leptin Menstrual cycle Iranian women | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
