Original Article

Melatonin Improve the Sperm Quality in Forced Swimming Test Induced Oxidative Stress in Nandrolone Treated Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of melatonin on the sperm quality and testis weight after the combination of swimming exercise and nandrolone decanoate (DECA). Two groups of male Wistar rats were treated for eight weeks as follows; group A consist of CO (control), Sham, N (DECA), S (swimming) and NS (DECA plus swimming); and group B: Sham M (sham melatonin), M (melatonin), MN (melatonin plus DECA), MS (melatonin plus swimming), MNS (melatonin, DECA plus swimming). The motility of sperm was significantly improved in melatonin groups in comparison to N, S and NS groups (P≤0.05).  The left testes weight was decreased in N, NS and MNS groups, and the right testes weight was decreased in N,S,NS, MS and MNS groups in compare with the control group. This study concluded that melatonin probably could improve the sperm motility and sex organs weight after the combination of DECA and exercise.

Shokri S, Aitken RJ, Abdolvahhabi M, et al. Exercise and Supraphysiological Dose of Nandrolone Decanoate Increase Apoptosis in Spermatogenic Cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicology 2010;106(4):324-30.

Karbalay-Doust S, Noorafshan A, Ardekani FM, et al. The reversibility of sperm quality after discontinuing nandrolone decanoate in adult male rats. Asian J Androl 2007;9(2):235-9.

Bahrke MS, Yesalis CE. Abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids and related substances in sport and exercise. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2004;4(6):614-20.

Soares J, Duarte J. Effects of training and an anabolic steroid on murine red skeletal muscle. A stereological analysis. Acta Anat (Basek) 1991;142(2):183-7.

Sahna E, Türk G, Atessahin A, et al. Remote organ injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion on reproductive organs, and protective effect of melatonin in male rats. Fertil Steril 2007;88(1):188-92.

Troiani ME, Reiter RJ, Vaughan MK, et al. Swimming depresses nighttime melatonin content without changing N-acetyltransferase activity in the rat pineal gland. Neuroendocrinology 1988;47(1):55-60.

Reiter RJ, Carneiro RC, Oh CS. Melatonin in relation to cellular antioxidative defense mechanisms. Horm Metab Res 1997;29(8):363-72.

Gauer F, Masson-Pévet M, Skene D, et al. Daily rhythms of melatonin binding sites in the rat pars tuberalis and suprachiasmatic nuclei; evidence for the regulation of melatonin receptors by melatonin itself. Neuroendocrinology 1993;57(1):120-6.

Take G, Erdogan D, Helvacioglu F, et al. Effect of melatonin and time of administration on irradiationinduced damage to rat testes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2009;42(7):621-8.

Porkka-Heiskanen T, Laakso ML, Stenberg D, et al. Increase in testosterone sensitivity induced by constant light in relation to melatonin injections in rats. J Reprod Fertil 1992;96(1):331-6.

Bearden HJ, Fuquay JW, Williard ST, editors. Applied animal reproduction. 6th ed. New Jersey, USA: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2004: p. 361-6.

Ventura P, Panini R, Verlato C, et al. Peroxidation indices and total antioxidant capacity in plasma during hyperhomocysteinemia induced by methionine oral loading. Metabolism 2000;49(2):225-8.

Upchurch GR Jr, Welch GN, Fabian AJ, et al. Homocyst (e) ine decreases bioavailable nitric oxide by a mechanism involving glutathione peroxidase. J Biol Chem 1997;272(27):17012-7.

Okatani Y, Wakatsuki A, Reiter RJ. Protective effect of melatonin against homocysteine-induced vasoconstriction of human umbilical artery. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000;277(2):470-5.

Kolasa A, Marchlewicz M, Wenda-Rozewicka L, et al. Morphology of the testis and the epididymis in rats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) deficiency. Rocz Akad Med Bialymst 2004;49(Suppl 1):117-9.

van Vuuren RJ, du Plessis DJ, Theron JJ. Melatonin in human semen. South Afr Med J 1988;73(6):375.

Casao A, Mendoza N, Pérez-Pé R, et al. Melatonin prevents capacitation and apoptotic-like changes of ram spermatozoa and increases fertility rate. J Pineal Res 2010;48(1):39-46.

Gwayi N, Bernard RT. The effects of melatonin on sperm motility in vitro in Wistar rats. Andrologia 2002;34(6):391-6.

Shokri S, Hemadi M, Bayat G, et al. Combination of running exercise and high dose of anabolic androgenic steroid, nandrolone decanoate, increases protamine deficiency and DNA damage in rat spermatozoa. Andrologia 2014;46(2):184-90.

Naraghi M, Abolhasani F, Kashani I, et al. The effects of swimming exercise and supraphysiological doses of nandrolone decanoate on the testis in adult male rats: a transmission electron microscope study. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2010;69(3):138-46.

Zouhal H, Groussard C, Minter G, et al. Inverse relationship between percentage body weight change and finishing time in 643 forty-two-kilometre marathon runners. Br J Sports Med 2011;45(14):1101-5.

WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm–Cervical Mucus Interaction. 4th ed. Cambridge Cambridge University Press; 2004: p. 112-4.

Wyrobek AJ, Gordon LA, Burkhart JG, et al. An evaluation of the mouse sperm morphology test and other sperm tests in nonhuman mammals: A report of the US Environmental Protection Agency Gene-Tox Program. Mutat Res 1983;115(1):1-72.

Karakas A, Gunduz B. Melatonin Implants Have No Effect on the Testis Volume and Body Weight in Mongolian Gerbils. Turk J Biol 2003;27(4):209-14.

Marcon L, Hales BF, Robaire B. Reversibility of the effects of subchronic exposure to the cancer chemotherapeutics bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin on spermatogenesis, fertility, and progeny outcome in the male rat. J Androl 2008;29(4):408-17.

Ilbey YO, Ozbek E, Simsek A, et al. Potential chemoprotective effect of melatonin in cyclophosphamideand cisplatin-induced testicular damage in rats. Fertil Steril 2009;92(3):1124-32.

Karbalay Doust S, Noorafshan A, Ardekani FM, et al. The reversibility of sperm quality after discontinuing nandrolone decanoate in adult male rats. Asian J Androl 2007;9(2):235-9.

Goth L. A simple method for determination of serum catalase activity and revision of reference range. Clin Chim Acta 1991;196(2-3):143-51.

Lawrence RA, Burk RF. Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976;71(4):952-8.

Gandini L, Sgrò P, Lombardo F, et al. Effect of chemo-or radiotherapy on sperm parameters of testicular cancer patients. Human Reprod 2006;21(11):2882-9.

Sarabia L, Espinoza-Navarro O, Maurer I, et al. Protective Effect of Melatonin on Damage in the Sperm Parameters of Mice Exposed to Diazinon. Int J Morphol 2011;29(4):1241-7.

da Silva CM, MacíasGarcía B, MiróMorán A, et al. Melatonin reduces lipid peroxidation and apoptoticlike changes in stallion spermatozoa. J Pineal Research 2011;51(2):172-9.

Martín-Hidalgo D, Barón F, Bragado M, et al. The effect of melatonin on the quality of extended boar semen after long-term storage at 17ºC. Theriogenology 2011;75(8):1550-60.

Ortiz A, Espino J, Bejarano I, et al. High endogenous melatonin concentrations enhance sperm quality and shortterm in vitro exposure to melatonin improves aspects of sperm motility. J Pineal Res 2011;50(2):132-9.

Vernet P, Aitken RJ Drevet JR. Antioxidant strategies in the epididymis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2004;216(1-2):31-9.

Files
IssueVol 52, No 7 (2014) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
Keywords
Melatonin Nandrolone Decanoate Swimming Testis Rat

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Minaii B, Moayeri A, Shokri S, Habibi Roudkenar M, Golmohammadi T, Malek F, Barbarestani M. Melatonin Improve the Sperm Quality in Forced Swimming Test Induced Oxidative Stress in Nandrolone Treated Wistar Rats. Acta Med Iran. 1;52(7):496-504.