Brain Metastases From Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report
Abstract
Intrahepatic lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been controlled by significant advances in treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, and ablative therapy. Consequently, the number of patients with extrahepatic metastatic lesions has increased including lung, regional lymph nodes, peritoneum and adrenal glands, but rarely to brain. The prognosis of brain metastasis remains poor with approximately <1 y of survival from the time of diagnosis. Although no guidelines for the brain metastasis of HCC have been developed to date due to the lack of the experiences and evidences, a molecularly targeted drug, sorafenib, have been used to treat extrahepatic lesions and shown the prolonged survival time. Therefore, the development of standard therapy for brain metastasis following the early diagnosis is essential by accumulating the information of clinical courses and evidences.
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2. Fujihara H, Chikazu D, Saijo H, Suenaga H, Mori Y, Iino M, et al. Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma into the mandible with radiographic findings mimicking a radicular cyst: a case report. Journal of endodontics. 2010;36(9):1593-6.
3. Jiang X-B, Ke C, Zhang G-H, Zhang X-H, Sai K, Chen Z-P, et al. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical features and prognostic factors. BMC cancer. 2012;12(1):49.
4. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2011;61(2):69-90.
5. Chedid MF, Kruel CR, Pinto MA, Grezzana-Filho TJ, Leipnitz I, Kruel CD, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and operative management. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). 2017;30(4):272-8.
6. Kanda M, Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Sato T, Masuzaki R, Ohki T, et al. Extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: incidence and risk factors. Liver International. 2008;28(9):1256-63.
7. Seinfeld J, Wagner AS, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters B. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma in US patients. Journal of neuro-oncology. 2006;76(1):93-8.
8. Wang S, Wang A, Lin J, Xie Y, Wu L, Huang H, et al. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advances and future avenues. Oncotarget. 2017;8(15):25814.
9. Chang L, Chen Y-L, Kao M-C. Intracranial metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: review of 45 cases. Surgical neurology. 2004;62(2):172-7.
10. Schiff ER. Case Study in the Management of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Management of Patients with Viral Hepatitis. 2004:183.
11. Uka K, Aikata H, Takaki S, Shirakawa H, Jeong SC, Yamashina K, et al. Clinical features and prognosis of patients with extrahepatic metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2007;13(3):414.
12. Kulkarni RS, Anand AS, Patel AA, Shah SA. Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as rapidly growing sternal mass: an unusual presentation. J Cancer Metastasis Treat. 2016:41-3.
13. Hiraoka A, Horiike N, Koizumi Y, Tazuya N, Ichiryu M, Nakahara H, et al. Brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma treated with a cyber-knife. Internal Medicine. 2008;47(22):1993-6.
14. Jung H-K, Lee D-S, Yoon S-S, Kim H-J. Systemic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma responsive to multidisciplinary treatment including debulking surgery. Annals of surgical treatment and research. 2014;86(2):100-4.
15. DEMİR M, DUMAN TT, ÜYETÜRK Ü, DÜZCÜ SE, BAŞAR BB. An incidentally Diagnosed Hepatocellular Carcinoma That Exhibited Unusual Metastasis. TURKISH JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY. 2019;34(2).
16. Jang SY, Kim CH, Cheong JH, Kim JM. Concomitant subdural hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage due to brain metastasis of the hepatocellular carcinoma. Brain tumor research and treatment. 2015;3(1):48-51.
17. Han JH, Kim DG, Park JC, Chung H-T, Paek SH, Chung YS. Little response of cerebral metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma to any treatments. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 2010;47(5):325.
2. Fujihara H, Chikazu D, Saijo H, Suenaga H, Mori Y, Iino M, et al. Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma into the mandible with radiographic findings mimicking a radicular cyst: a case report. Journal of endodontics. 2010;36(9):1593-6.
3. Jiang X-B, Ke C, Zhang G-H, Zhang X-H, Sai K, Chen Z-P, et al. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: clinical features and prognostic factors. BMC cancer. 2012;12(1):49.
4. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2011;61(2):69-90.
5. Chedid MF, Kruel CR, Pinto MA, Grezzana-Filho TJ, Leipnitz I, Kruel CD, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and operative management. ABCD Arquivos Brasileiros de Cirurgia Digestiva (São Paulo). 2017;30(4):272-8.
6. Kanda M, Tateishi R, Yoshida H, Sato T, Masuzaki R, Ohki T, et al. Extrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: incidence and risk factors. Liver International. 2008;28(9):1256-63.
7. Seinfeld J, Wagner AS, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters B. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma in US patients. Journal of neuro-oncology. 2006;76(1):93-8.
8. Wang S, Wang A, Lin J, Xie Y, Wu L, Huang H, et al. Brain metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma: recent advances and future avenues. Oncotarget. 2017;8(15):25814.
9. Chang L, Chen Y-L, Kao M-C. Intracranial metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: review of 45 cases. Surgical neurology. 2004;62(2):172-7.
10. Schiff ER. Case Study in the Management of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Management of Patients with Viral Hepatitis. 2004:183.
11. Uka K, Aikata H, Takaki S, Shirakawa H, Jeong SC, Yamashina K, et al. Clinical features and prognosis of patients with extrahepatic metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma. World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. 2007;13(3):414.
12. Kulkarni RS, Anand AS, Patel AA, Shah SA. Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as rapidly growing sternal mass: an unusual presentation. J Cancer Metastasis Treat. 2016:41-3.
13. Hiraoka A, Horiike N, Koizumi Y, Tazuya N, Ichiryu M, Nakahara H, et al. Brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma treated with a cyber-knife. Internal Medicine. 2008;47(22):1993-6.
14. Jung H-K, Lee D-S, Yoon S-S, Kim H-J. Systemic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma responsive to multidisciplinary treatment including debulking surgery. Annals of surgical treatment and research. 2014;86(2):100-4.
15. DEMİR M, DUMAN TT, ÜYETÜRK Ü, DÜZCÜ SE, BAŞAR BB. An incidentally Diagnosed Hepatocellular Carcinoma That Exhibited Unusual Metastasis. TURKISH JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY. 2019;34(2).
16. Jang SY, Kim CH, Cheong JH, Kim JM. Concomitant subdural hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage due to brain metastasis of the hepatocellular carcinoma. Brain tumor research and treatment. 2015;3(1):48-51.
17. Han JH, Kim DG, Park JC, Chung H-T, Paek SH, Chung YS. Little response of cerebral metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma to any treatments. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. 2010;47(5):325.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 58, No 1 (2020) | |
| Section | Case Report(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v58i1.3708 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Brain metastasis Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis. | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Dehghan P, Kakhki S. Brain Metastases From Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report. Acta Med Iran. 2020;58(1):47-49.
