The Role of Minocycline in Neuro-Cognitive Symptoms in the Episodes of Primary Psychosis: A Clinical Trial
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Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the neurocognitive changes in an episode of primary psychosis in a group treated with minocycline and control. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 40 patients with schizophrenia were randomized into two groups and underwent eight weeks of treatment with either minocycline (100 mg twice per day) or placebo in addition to routine treatment. Patients were evaluated using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) at baseline and at weeks 4 and 8. General linear model repeated measures showed a significant effect for time treatment interaction on the scores of WAIS, PANSS, and WCST of patients in the minocycline group (P>0.05). Regardless of the type of intervention, there was a remarkable difference between the mean scores of WAIS, PANSS, and WCST measured on three stages. Minocycline seems to be a safe and effective adjuvant in the management of patients with schizophrenia.
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13. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, Hayashida M, Inagaki T, Horiguchi J. Possible antipsychotic effects of minocycline in patients with schizophrenia. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2007;31(1):304-7.
14. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, Hayashida M, Inagaki T, Horiguchi J. Minocycline as adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia: an open-label study. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2008;31(5):287-92.
15. Levkovitz Y, Mendlovich S, Riwkes S, Braw Y, Levkovitch-Verbin H, Gal G, et al. A double-blind, randomized study of minocycline for the treatment of negative and cognitive symptoms in early-phase schizophrenia. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2009;71(2):138-49.
16. Liu F, Guo X, Wu R, Ou J, Zheng Y, Zhang B, et al. Minocycline supplementation for treatment of negative symptoms in early-phase schizophrenia: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Schizophrenia research. 2014;153(1):169-76.
17. Chaudhry IB, Hallak J, Husain N, Minhas F, Stirling J, Richardson P, et al. Minocycline benefits negative symptoms in early schizophrenia: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients on standard treatment. Journal of psychopharmacology. 2012;26(9):1185-93.
18. Du Y, Ma Z, Lin S, Dodel RC, Gao F, Bales KR, et al. Minocycline prevents nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001;98(25):14669-74.
19. Chaves C, de Marque CR, Wichert-Ana L, Maia-de-Oliveira JP, Itikawa EN, Crippa JAdS, et al. Functional neuroimaging of minocycline's effect in a patient with schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2010;34(3):550-2.
20. Kelly DL, Vyas G, Richardson CM, Koola M, McMahon RP, Buchanan RW, et al. Adjunct minocycline to clozapine treated patients with persistent schizophrenia symptoms. Schizophrenia research. 2011;133(1):257-8.
21. Jhamnani K, Shivakumar V, Kalmady S, Rao NP, Venkatasubramanian G. Successful use of add-on minocycline for treatment of persistent negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 2013;25(1):E06-E7.
2. Kelly DL, Sullivan KM, McEvoy JP, McMahon RP, Wehring HJ, Gold JM, et al. Adjunctive minocycline in clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients with persistent symptoms. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. 2015;35(4):374-81.
3. Sommer IE, Begemann MJ, Temmerman A, Leucht S. Pharmacological augmentation strategies for schizophrenia patients with insufficient response to clozapine: a quantitative literature review. Schizophrenia bulletin. 2012;38(5):1003-11.
4. Goff DC. Review: lamotrigine may be an effective treatment for clozapine resistant schizophrenia. Evidence Based Mental Health. 2009;12(4):111-.
5. Zoccali R, Muscatello M, Bruno A, Cambria R, Mico U, Spina E, et al. The effect of lamotrigine augmentation of clozapine in a sample of treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Schizophrenia research. 2007;93(1):109-16.
6. Vayısoğlu S, Yağcıoğlu AEA, Yağcıoğlu S, Karahan S, Karcı O, Gürel ŞC, et al. Lamotrigine augmentation in patients with schizophrenia who show partial response to clozapine treatment. Schizophrenia research. 2013;143(1):207-14.
7. Chaves C, Marque C, Trzesniak C, Machado de Sousa J, Zuardi A, Crippa J, et al. Glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulation and minocycline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia: an update. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2009;42(11):1002-14.
8. Wang JQ, Liu X, Zhang G, Parelkar NK, Arora A, Haines M, et al. Phosphorylation of glutamate receptors: a potential mechanism for the regulation of receptor function and psychostimulant action. Journal of neuroscience research. 2006;84(8):1621-9.
9. Manev R, Manev H. Minocycline, schizophrenia and GluR1 glutamate receptors. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2009;33(1):166.
10. Mattes H, Lingenhoehl K, Kalkman H, Auberson Y, Renaud J, Schmutz M, et al. AMPA receptor antagonists: potential therapeutic applications. Recent patents on CNS drug discovery. 2006;1(3):247-59.
11. Chu L-s, Fang S-h, Zhou Y, Yu G-l, Wang M-l, Zhang W-p, et al. Minocycline inhibits 5-lipoxygenase activation and brain inflammation after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Acta pharmacologica sinica. 2007;28(6).
12. Strous RD, Shoenfeld Y. Schizophrenia, autoimmunity and immune system dysregulation: a comprehensive model updated and revisited. Journal of autoimmunity. 2006;27(2):71-80.
13. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, Hayashida M, Inagaki T, Horiguchi J. Possible antipsychotic effects of minocycline in patients with schizophrenia. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2007;31(1):304-7.
14. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, Hayashida M, Inagaki T, Horiguchi J. Minocycline as adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia: an open-label study. Clinical neuropharmacology. 2008;31(5):287-92.
15. Levkovitz Y, Mendlovich S, Riwkes S, Braw Y, Levkovitch-Verbin H, Gal G, et al. A double-blind, randomized study of minocycline for the treatment of negative and cognitive symptoms in early-phase schizophrenia. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 2009;71(2):138-49.
16. Liu F, Guo X, Wu R, Ou J, Zheng Y, Zhang B, et al. Minocycline supplementation for treatment of negative symptoms in early-phase schizophrenia: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Schizophrenia research. 2014;153(1):169-76.
17. Chaudhry IB, Hallak J, Husain N, Minhas F, Stirling J, Richardson P, et al. Minocycline benefits negative symptoms in early schizophrenia: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients on standard treatment. Journal of psychopharmacology. 2012;26(9):1185-93.
18. Du Y, Ma Z, Lin S, Dodel RC, Gao F, Bales KR, et al. Minocycline prevents nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2001;98(25):14669-74.
19. Chaves C, de Marque CR, Wichert-Ana L, Maia-de-Oliveira JP, Itikawa EN, Crippa JAdS, et al. Functional neuroimaging of minocycline's effect in a patient with schizophrenia. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 2010;34(3):550-2.
20. Kelly DL, Vyas G, Richardson CM, Koola M, McMahon RP, Buchanan RW, et al. Adjunct minocycline to clozapine treated patients with persistent schizophrenia symptoms. Schizophrenia research. 2011;133(1):257-8.
21. Jhamnani K, Shivakumar V, Kalmady S, Rao NP, Venkatasubramanian G. Successful use of add-on minocycline for treatment of persistent negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences. 2013;25(1):E06-E7.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 58, No 5 (2020) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v58i5.3951 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Minocycline Schizophrenia Neurocognitive | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Ghoreishi A, Granpy S, Armani A. The Role of Minocycline in Neuro-Cognitive Symptoms in the Episodes of Primary Psychosis: A Clinical Trial. Acta Med Iran. 2020;58(5):194-198.
