Regulatory Functions of MicroRNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of evolutionary conserved small non-coding RNA molecules that firstly discovered in 1993. They regulate gene expression of about 50% of protein-coding genes at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs can target numerous messenger RNAs and subsequent misexpression of them can affect many different signaling pathways. They are playing a pivotal role in cancer development by regulation of the genes expression which involved in the proliferation, survival, differentiation, apoptosis or metastasis of the cancer cells. Several treatment approaches such as inhibition of oncomiRs and restoration of tumor suppressor miRNAs have been established in certain types of cancers and some other miRNA-based strategies are in development for cancer prevention and treatment. Nowadays, cancer is the most important target of miRNA therapeutics and the specific mechanisms by which miRNA mediates cancer pathways needs more research and study.
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3. Mirakholi M, Mahmoudi T, Heidari M. MicroRNAs Horizon in Retinoblastoma. Acta Med Iran. 51(12):823-829.
4. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 2004;116:281-97.
5. Lee Y, Jeon K, Lee JT, Kim S, Kim VN. MicroRNA maturation: Stepwise processing and subcellular localization. EMBO J 2002;21:4663-70.
6. Han J, Lee Y, Yeom K-H, Kim Y-K, Jin H, Kim VN. The Drosha-DGCR8 complex in primary microRNA processing. Genes Dev 2004;18:3016-27.
7. Yi R, Qin Y, Macara IG, Cullen BR. Exportin-5 mediates the nuclear export of pre-microRNAs and short hairpin RNAs. Genes Dev 2003;17:3011-6.
8. Lewis BP, Burge CB, Bartel DP. Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell 2005;120:15-20.
9. Denli AM, Tops BBJ, Plasterk RHA, Ketting RF, Hannon GJ. Processing of primary microRNAs by the Microprocessor complex. Nature 2004;432:231-5.
10. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions. Cell 2009;136:215-33.
11. Siomi H, Siomi MC. Posttranscriptional Regulation of MicroRNA Biogenesis in Animals. Mol Cell 2010;38:323-32.
12. Bhayani MK, Calin GA, Lai SY. Functional relevance of miRNA* sequences in human disease. Mutat Res 2012;731:14-9.
13. Wiemer EAC. The role of microRNAs in cancer: No small matter. Eur J Cancer 2007;43:1529-44.
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15. Ambros V. The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature 2004;431:350-5.
16. Mohammadi A, Mansoori B, Baradaran B. Regulation of miRNAs by herbal medicine: An emerging field in cancer therapies. Biomed Pharmacother 2017;86:262-70.
17. Le Quesne J, Caldas C. Micro-RNAs and breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2010;4:230-41.
18. Almeida MI, Reis RM, Calin GA. MicroRNA history: Discovery, recent applications, and next frontiers. Mutat Res 2011;717:1-8.
19. Shenouda SK, Alahari SK. MicroRNA function in cancer: Oncogene or a tumor suppressor? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2009;28:369-78.
20. Huang Y, Shen XJ, Zou Q, Wang SP, Tang SM, Zhang GZ. Biological functions of microRNAs: A review. J Physiol Biochem 2011;67:129-39.
21. Mohammadzadeh R, Baradaran B, Valizadeh H, Yousefi B, Zakeri-Milani P. Reduced ABCB1 Expression and Activity in the Presence of Acrylic Copolymers. Adv Pharm Bull. 2014;4:219-24.
22. Suárez Y, Sessa WC. MicroRNAs As Novel Regulators of Angiogenesis. Circ Res 2009;104:442-54.
23. Spizzo R, Nicoloso MS, Croce CM, Calin GA. SnapShot: MicroRNAs in Cancer. Cell 2009;137:586.e1.
24. Wang JY, Huang JC, Chen G, Wei DM. Expression level and potential target pathways of miR-1-3p in colorectal carcinoma based on 645 cases from 9 microarray datasets. Mol Med Rep 2018;17:5013-20.
25. Karimi Dermani F, Azizi Jalilian F, Hossienkhani H, Ezati R, Amini R. siRNA Delivery Technology for Cancer Therapy: Promise and Challenges. Acta Med Iran. 57(2):83-93.
26. Shirjang S, Mansoori B, Asghari S, Duijf PHG, Mohammadi A, Gjerstorff M, et al. MicroRNAs in cancer cell death pathways: Apoptosis and necroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2019;139:1-15.
27. Schaefer A, Jung M, Kristiansen G, Lein M, Schrader M, Miller K, et al. MicroRNAs and cancer: Current state and future perspectives in urologic oncology. Urol Oncol 2010;28:4-13.
28. Plummer PN, Freeman R, Taft RJ, Vider J, Sax M, Umer BA, et al. MicroRNAs regulate tumor angiogenesis modulated by endothelial progenitor cells. Cancer Res 2013;73:341-52.
29. Mansoori B, Mohammadi A, Ghasabi M, Shirjang S, Dehghan R, Montazeri V, et al. miR‐142‐3p as tumor suppressor miRNA in the regulation of tumorigenicity, invasion and migration of human breast cancer by targeting Bach‐1 expression. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234:9816–25.
30. Slaby O, Svoboda M, Michalek J, Vyzula R. MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer: Translation of molecular biology into clinical application. Mol Cancer 2009;8:102.
31. Calin GA, Dumitru CD, Shimizu M, Bichi R, Zupo S, Noch E, et al. Nonlinear partial differential equations and applications: Frequent deletions and down-regulation of micro- RNA genes miR15 and miR16 at 13q14 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:15524-9.
32. Moazeni M, Khoramizadeh MR, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Noorbakhsh F, Rezaie S. The Effect of EFG1 Gene Silencing on Down-Regulation of SAP5 Gene, by Use of RNAi Technology. Acta Med Iran;52:9-14.
33. Calin GA, Cimmino A, Fabbri M, Ferracin M, Wojcik SE, Shimizu M, et al. MiR-15a and miR-16-1 cluster functions in human leukemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:5166-71.
34. Deng M, Tang H, Zhou Y, Zhou M, Xiong W, Zheng Y, et al. Mir-216b suppresses tumor growth and invasion by targeting KRAS in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Cell Sci 2011;124:2997-3005.
35. Díaz R, Silva J, García JM, Lorenzo Y, García V, Peña C, et al. Deregulated expression of miR-106a predicts survival in human colon cancer patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008;47:794-802.
36. Drakaki A, Iliopoulos D. MicroRNA-gene signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer. Biomed J 2013;3:200-8.
37. Hirata H, Ueno K, Shahryari V, Tanaka Y, Tabatabai ZL, Hinoda Y, et al. Oncogenic miRNA-182-5p Targets Smad4 and RECK in Human Bladder Cancer. PLoS One 2012;7:1-8.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 58, No 11 (2020) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v58i11.5140 | |
| Keywords | ||
| MicroRNA Cancer Proliferation Metastasis Therapeutic molecule | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Maralani M, Baradaran B, Hajiasgharzadeh K, Peeters M. Regulatory Functions of MicroRNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis. Acta Med Iran. 2021;58(11):544-551.
