The Relationship Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Childhood Chronic Functional Constipation
-
Pedram Ataee
,
Hadi Badiee
,
Soleiman Mohammadzadeh
,
Borhan Moradveisi
,
Daem Roshani
,
Rasoul Nasiri
,
Alireza Eskandarifar
,
Armen Malekiantaghi
,
Kambiz Eftekhari
Abstract
Chronic constipation is one of the most common problems in children. It can cause anxiety and psychological problems in patients and parents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) in children with chronic functional constipation. This is a case-control study performed at the gastroenterology clinic of Besat Hospital Sanandaj for one year. The children aged 7-14-year-old with chronic functional constipation were selected as a case group, and the healthy children were recruited as a control group, who referred for growth control. Then, the Maudsley questionnaire for obsessive-compulsive disorders was completed by a trained assistant. With this questionnaire, the presence or absence of OCD and its type can be determined. Forty-three children were selected as the case group and sixty-seven children as the control group. The mean age of the case and control group was 9.3±1.5 and 8.8±1.6 years, respectively. Based on the results, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of checking, cleaning, slowness, doubting, and total obsessive score (P˂0.05). Therefore, all five types of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the case group were greater than the control group. Obsessive-compulsive disorders were more common in children with functional constipation, and the total obsessive score in these children than the healthy children was a significant difference.
1. Kuizenga-Wessel S, Benninga MA. Functional Constipation and Incontinence (chapter 11). In: Wyllie R, Hyams J, Kay M. Pediatric gastrointestinal and liver disease 2016. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2016:124-36.
2. Torabi Z, Amiraslani S, Diaz D, Ahmadiafshar A, Eftekhari K. Comparison of Paraffin versus Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Children with Chronic Functional Constipation. Int J Pediatr 2017;5:5843-50.
3. Chase JW, Homsy Y, Siggaard C, Sit F, Bower WF. Functional constipation in children. J Urol 2004;171:2641-3.
4. Karami H, Mousavi A, Khademloo M, Soleimani F. Etiology of chronic constipation and related causes in children referred to Boo-Ali Sina Hospital in Sari between 2006 and 2007. J Birjand Univ Med Sci 2009;16:51-6.
5. Corazziari E. Definition and epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2004;18:613-31.
6. Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D, Guiraldes E, Hyams JS, Staiano A, et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1527-37.
7. Andrews CN, Storr M. The pathophysiology of chronic constipation. Can J Gastroenterol 2011;25:16B-21.
8. Vieira J, Ramalho E Silva F. Quality of Life in Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Acta Med Port 2016;29:549-55.
9. Yousefichaijan P, Salehi B, Khosrobeigi A, Hajirahimi M, Rafiei M, Taherahmadi H. Prevalence of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Pediatric Patients with the Daytime Frequency Syndrome of Childhood or Pollakiuria. Arak Med Univ J 2014;17: 80-6.
10. Geller DA, Biederman J, Faraone S, Agranat A, Cradock K, Hagermoser L, et al. Developmental aspects of obsessive compulsive disorder: findings in children, adolescents, and adults. J Nerv Ment Dis 2001;189:471-7.
11. Clure Mc, Tone EB, Pine DS. Clinical features of the anexiety disorders. In: Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P, eds. Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009:1844-53.
12. Boileau B. A review of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Dialogues clin Neurosci 2011;13:401-11.
13. North CS, Napier M, Alpers DH, Spitznagel EL. Complaints of constipation in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Ann clin psychiatry 1995;7:65-70.
14. Ahmadi BA, Baghiyan Kulehmarz MJ, Yazdanpanah MA, Ragabi M. The effectiveness of group mindfulness – Based cognitive Therapy on obsessive-compulsive disorder, metacognition beliefs and rumination. Clin Psycho Stud 2015;5:133-60.
15. Shafran R, Ralph J, Tallis F. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the family. Bull Menninger Clin 1995;59:472-9.
16. Woody SR, Steketee G, Chambless DL. Reliability and validity of the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale. Behav Res Ther 1995;33:597-605.
17. Sánchez-Meca J, López-Pina JA, López-López JA, Marín-Martínez F, Rosa-Alcázar AI, Gómez-Conesa A. The Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: A reliability generalization meta-analysis. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2011;11:473-93.
18. Karami H, Yazdani J, Khalili N, Pourasghar M. The Relationship between Functional Constipation and Emotional, Social, Physical, and Educational Functioning of Children. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2017;11:e7127.
19. Fergus TA, Bardeen JR. Emotion regulation and obsessive–compulsive symptoms: A further examination of associations. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2014;3:243-8.
20. Robinson LJ, Freeston MH. Emotion and internal experience in obsessive compulsive disorder: reviewing the role of alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance. Clin Psychol Rev 2014;34:256-71.
21. Smith AH, Wetterneck CT, Hart JM, Short MB, Björgvinsson T. Differences in obsessional beliefs and emotion appraisal in obsessive compulsive symptom presentation. J Obsessive Compuls and Relat Disord 2012;1:54-61.
22. Stein DJ, Fineberg NA, Bienvenu OJ, Denys D, Lochner C, Nestadt G, et al. Should OCD be classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-V? Depress Anxiety 2010;27:495-506.
23. Torres AR, Prince MJ, Bebbington PE, Bhugra D, Brugha TS, Farrel M, et al. Obsessive compulsive disorder: prevalence, comorbidity, impact and help seeking in the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey of 2000. Am J Psychiatr 2006;163:1978-85.
24. Markarian Y, Larson MJ, Aldea MA, Baldwin SA, Good D, Berkelion A, et al. Multiple pathways to functional impairment in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Rev 2010;30:78-88.
25. Pare P, Ferrazzi S, Thompson WG, Irvine EJ, Rance L. An epidemiological survey of constipation in canada: definitions, rates, demographics, and predictors of health care seeking. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:3130-7.
26. Tam YH, Li AM, So HK, Shit KY, Pang KK, Wong YS, et al. Socioenvironmental factors associated with constipation in Hong Kong children and Rome III criteria. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012;55:56-61.
27. Wald ER, Di Lorenzo C, Cipriani L, Colborn DK, Burgers R, Wald A. Bowel habits and toilet training in a diverse population of children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009;48:294-8.
28. Játiva E, Velasco-Benítez CA, Koppen IJ, Ja´tiva-Cabezas Z, Saps M. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in School children in Ecuador. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;63:25-28.
29. Wu TC, Chen LK, Pan WH, Tang RB, Hwang SJ, Wu L, et al. Constipation in Taiwan elementary school students: a nationwide survey. J Chin Med Assoc 2011;74:57-61.
30. Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011;25:3-18.
31. Nakhaei S, Mohammadzadeh Y, Behmadi R, Ebrahimi Nasab O, Asgarzadeh L. Frequency determination of functional constipation in children with and without gastroesophageal reflux. Tehran Univ Med J 2015;72:761-6.
32. Abedini M, Ataiee P, Afkhamzadeh A, Seifmanesh M, Sedaghat B. The Effect of Probiotics on the Treatment of Functional Constipation in Children of 4–12 Years of Age. J Isfahan Med Sch 2015;33:2448-54.
33. Hashemi SM, Salehi B, Yousefi P. Comparison of frequency of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children with functional constipation and control group referring to Pediatric Clinic of Amir Kabir Hospital in 2014. Unpublished doctoral dissertation [dissetation]. Arak, Iran: Arak University of Medical Sciences., 2016.
34. Purdon C. Empirical investigations of thought suppression in OCD. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry2004;35:121-36.
2. Torabi Z, Amiraslani S, Diaz D, Ahmadiafshar A, Eftekhari K. Comparison of Paraffin versus Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Children with Chronic Functional Constipation. Int J Pediatr 2017;5:5843-50.
3. Chase JW, Homsy Y, Siggaard C, Sit F, Bower WF. Functional constipation in children. J Urol 2004;171:2641-3.
4. Karami H, Mousavi A, Khademloo M, Soleimani F. Etiology of chronic constipation and related causes in children referred to Boo-Ali Sina Hospital in Sari between 2006 and 2007. J Birjand Univ Med Sci 2009;16:51-6.
5. Corazziari E. Definition and epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2004;18:613-31.
6. Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D, Guiraldes E, Hyams JS, Staiano A, et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1527-37.
7. Andrews CN, Storr M. The pathophysiology of chronic constipation. Can J Gastroenterol 2011;25:16B-21.
8. Vieira J, Ramalho E Silva F. Quality of Life in Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Acta Med Port 2016;29:549-55.
9. Yousefichaijan P, Salehi B, Khosrobeigi A, Hajirahimi M, Rafiei M, Taherahmadi H. Prevalence of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Pediatric Patients with the Daytime Frequency Syndrome of Childhood or Pollakiuria. Arak Med Univ J 2014;17: 80-6.
10. Geller DA, Biederman J, Faraone S, Agranat A, Cradock K, Hagermoser L, et al. Developmental aspects of obsessive compulsive disorder: findings in children, adolescents, and adults. J Nerv Ment Dis 2001;189:471-7.
11. Clure Mc, Tone EB, Pine DS. Clinical features of the anexiety disorders. In: Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P, eds. Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009:1844-53.
12. Boileau B. A review of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Dialogues clin Neurosci 2011;13:401-11.
13. North CS, Napier M, Alpers DH, Spitznagel EL. Complaints of constipation in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Ann clin psychiatry 1995;7:65-70.
14. Ahmadi BA, Baghiyan Kulehmarz MJ, Yazdanpanah MA, Ragabi M. The effectiveness of group mindfulness – Based cognitive Therapy on obsessive-compulsive disorder, metacognition beliefs and rumination. Clin Psycho Stud 2015;5:133-60.
15. Shafran R, Ralph J, Tallis F. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the family. Bull Menninger Clin 1995;59:472-9.
16. Woody SR, Steketee G, Chambless DL. Reliability and validity of the Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale. Behav Res Ther 1995;33:597-605.
17. Sánchez-Meca J, López-Pina JA, López-López JA, Marín-Martínez F, Rosa-Alcázar AI, Gómez-Conesa A. The Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory: A reliability generalization meta-analysis. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2011;11:473-93.
18. Karami H, Yazdani J, Khalili N, Pourasghar M. The Relationship between Functional Constipation and Emotional, Social, Physical, and Educational Functioning of Children. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci 2017;11:e7127.
19. Fergus TA, Bardeen JR. Emotion regulation and obsessive–compulsive symptoms: A further examination of associations. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2014;3:243-8.
20. Robinson LJ, Freeston MH. Emotion and internal experience in obsessive compulsive disorder: reviewing the role of alexithymia, anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance. Clin Psychol Rev 2014;34:256-71.
21. Smith AH, Wetterneck CT, Hart JM, Short MB, Björgvinsson T. Differences in obsessional beliefs and emotion appraisal in obsessive compulsive symptom presentation. J Obsessive Compuls and Relat Disord 2012;1:54-61.
22. Stein DJ, Fineberg NA, Bienvenu OJ, Denys D, Lochner C, Nestadt G, et al. Should OCD be classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-V? Depress Anxiety 2010;27:495-506.
23. Torres AR, Prince MJ, Bebbington PE, Bhugra D, Brugha TS, Farrel M, et al. Obsessive compulsive disorder: prevalence, comorbidity, impact and help seeking in the British National Psychiatric Morbidity Survey of 2000. Am J Psychiatr 2006;163:1978-85.
24. Markarian Y, Larson MJ, Aldea MA, Baldwin SA, Good D, Berkelion A, et al. Multiple pathways to functional impairment in obsessive–compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Rev 2010;30:78-88.
25. Pare P, Ferrazzi S, Thompson WG, Irvine EJ, Rance L. An epidemiological survey of constipation in canada: definitions, rates, demographics, and predictors of health care seeking. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96:3130-7.
26. Tam YH, Li AM, So HK, Shit KY, Pang KK, Wong YS, et al. Socioenvironmental factors associated with constipation in Hong Kong children and Rome III criteria. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012;55:56-61.
27. Wald ER, Di Lorenzo C, Cipriani L, Colborn DK, Burgers R, Wald A. Bowel habits and toilet training in a diverse population of children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2009;48:294-8.
28. Játiva E, Velasco-Benítez CA, Koppen IJ, Ja´tiva-Cabezas Z, Saps M. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in School children in Ecuador. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;63:25-28.
29. Wu TC, Chen LK, Pan WH, Tang RB, Hwang SJ, Wu L, et al. Constipation in Taiwan elementary school students: a nationwide survey. J Chin Med Assoc 2011;74:57-61.
30. Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011;25:3-18.
31. Nakhaei S, Mohammadzadeh Y, Behmadi R, Ebrahimi Nasab O, Asgarzadeh L. Frequency determination of functional constipation in children with and without gastroesophageal reflux. Tehran Univ Med J 2015;72:761-6.
32. Abedini M, Ataiee P, Afkhamzadeh A, Seifmanesh M, Sedaghat B. The Effect of Probiotics on the Treatment of Functional Constipation in Children of 4–12 Years of Age. J Isfahan Med Sch 2015;33:2448-54.
33. Hashemi SM, Salehi B, Yousefi P. Comparison of frequency of obsessive-compulsive disorder in children with functional constipation and control group referring to Pediatric Clinic of Amir Kabir Hospital in 2014. Unpublished doctoral dissertation [dissetation]. Arak, Iran: Arak University of Medical Sciences., 2016.
34. Purdon C. Empirical investigations of thought suppression in OCD. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry2004;35:121-36.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 59, No 8 (2021) | |
| Section | Articles | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v59i8.7257 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Children Chronic functional constipation Obsessive-compulsive disorders | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ataee P, Badiee H, Mohammadzadeh S, Moradveisi B, Roshani D, Nasiri R, Eskandarifar A, Malekiantaghi A, Eftekhari K. The Relationship Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders and Childhood Chronic Functional Constipation. Acta Med Iran. 2021;59(8):499-503.
