Original Article

Expression of Cyclin D1 in Colorectal Cancer and Its Association With Clinicopathologic Parameters in Patients Underwent Colectomy

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is common cancer with a high mortality rate worldwide. Cyclin D1 is a gene that regulates cell cycle passage from stage G1 to S (G1/S checkpoint) and has recently been linked to the prognosis of a variety of cancers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of cyclin D1 in colorectal cancers and its relationship with clinicopathologic factors. In this retrospective study, paraffin blocks of tumors of consecutive CRC patients registered in the histopathology laboratory of hospitals affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were used. Patients' clinicopathologic findings were extracted from their files, and using paraffin blocks, specific staining for cyclin D1 was performed using the immunohistochemistry method. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. In terms of staining, 11 samples (28.9%) scored 4, 11 samples (28.9%) scored 3, 8 samples (1/21%) scored 2, 3 samples (7.9%) scored 1, and 5 samples (2/13٪) scored zero. Staining intensity was severe in 10 cases (26.3%), moderate in 14 cases (36.8%), mild in 8 cases (21.1%), and negative in 6 cases (15.8%). The severity and extent of staining had no significant relationship with sex, age, tumor location, degree of differentiation (grade), depth of invasion, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and vascular and perineural invasion (P>0.05). Despite the high expression of cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinoma, no significant relationship was observed between its expression and prognostic factors, which is probably due to the small sample size.

1. Favoriti P, Carbone G, Greco M, Pirozzi F, Pirozzi REM, Corcione F. Worldwide burden of colorectal cancer: a review. Updates in surgery. 2016;68(1):7-11.
2. Ionescu EM, Tieranu CG, Maftei D, Grivei A, Olteanu AO, Arbanas T, et al. Colorectal cancer trends of 2018 in Romania—An important geographical variation between northern and southern lands and high mortality versus European averages. Journal of gastrointestinal cancer. 2021;52(1):222-8.
3. Alsheridah N, Akhtar S. Diet, obesity and colorectal carcinoma risk: results from a national cancer registry-based middle-eastern study. BMC cancer. 2018;18(1):1-10.
4. Augustus GJ, Ellis NA. Colorectal Cancer Disparity in African Americans: Risk Factors and Carcinogenic Mechanisms. Am J Pathol. 2018;188(2):291-303.
5. Siegel RL, Miller KD. Colorectal cancer statistics, 2020. 2020;70(3):145-64.
6. Jafari A, Alamdarloo PM, Dehghani M, Bastani P, Ravangard R. Economic Burden of Colorectal Cancer: A Case of Fars, Iran. Cancer Control. 2021;28:10732748211009952.
7. Rivlin N, Brosh R, Oren M, Rotter V. Mutations in the p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene: Important Milestones at the Various Steps of Tumorigenesis. Genes Cancer. 2011;2(4):466-74.
8. Testa U, Pelosi E, Castelli G. Colorectal cancer: genetic abnormalities, tumor progression, tumor heterogeneity, clonal evolution and tumor-initiating cells. Med Sci (Basel). 2018;6(2):31.
9. Sever R, Brugge JS. Signal transduction in cancer. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2015;5(4):a006098.
10. Hulleman E, Boonstra J. Regulation of G1 phase progression by growth factors and the extracellular matrix. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS. 2001;58(1):80-93.
11. Brooks RF. Cell cycle commitment and the origins of cell cycle variability. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2021;9:698066.
12. Qie S, Diehl JA. Cyclin D1, cancer progression, and opportunities in cancer treatment. J Mol Med (Berl). 2016;94(12):1313-26.
13. Zukerberg LR, Yang WI, Gadd M, Thor AD, Koerner FC, Schmidt EV, et al. Cyclin D1 (PRAD1) protein expression in breast cancer: approximately one-third of infiltrating mammary carcinomas show overexpression of the cyclin D1 oncogene. Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc. 1995;8(5):560-7.
14. Albasri AM, Elkablawy MA, Ansari IA, Alhujaily AS. Prognostic Significance of Cyclin D1 Over-expression in Colorectal Cancer: An Experience from Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2019;20(8):2471-6.
15. Nosho K, Kawasaki T, Chan AT, Ohnishi M, Suemoto Y, Kirkner GJ, et al. Cyclin D1 is frequently overexpressed in microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer, independent of CpG island methylator phenotype. Histopathology. 2008;53(5):588-98.
16. Al-Maghrabi J, Mufti S, Gomaa W, Buhmeida A, Al-Qahtani M, Al-Ahwal M. Immunoexpression of cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinomas is not correlated with survival outcome. J Microsc Ultrastruct. 2015;3(2):62-7.
17. Formentini A, Henne-Bruns D, Kornmann M. Thymidylate synthase and cyclin D1 protein expression in lymph node negative colorectal cancer: role as prognostic factors? Hepato-gastroenterology. 2012;59(118):1859-64.
18. John RR, Ravindran C, Malathi N, Aruna RM. Evaluation of the Role Played by Cyclin D1 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in the Progression of Oral Carcinogenesis. Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery. 2018;17(3):389-95.
19. Al-Maghrabi J. Vimentin immunoexpression is associated with higher tumor grade, metastasis, and shorter survival in colorectal cancer. International journal of clinical and experimental pathology. 2020;13(3):493.
20. Lam KY, Ng IO, Yuen AP, Kwong DL, Wei W. Cyclin D1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas: clinicopathological relevance and correlation with p53 expression. Journal of oral pathology & medicine. 2000;29(4):167-72.
21. Li Y, Wei J, Xu C, Zhao Z, You T. Prognostic significance of cyclin D1 expression in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e94508-e.
22. Jang KY, Kim YN, Bae JS, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Kang MJ, et al. Expression of Cyclin D1 Is Associated with β-Catenin Expression and Correlates with Good Prognosis in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma. Translational oncology. 2012;5(5):370-8.
23. Bahnassy AA, Zekri A-RN, El-Houssini S, El-Shehaby AMR, Mahmoud MR, Abdallah S, et al. Cyclin A and cyclin D1 as significant prognostic markers in colorectal cancer patients. BMC Gastroenterology. 2004;4(1):22.
Files
IssueVol 60, No 7 (2022) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v60i7.10210
Keywords
Colorectal cancer Cyclin D1 Immunohistochemistry Clinical and pathological parameters
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Moradi chaleshtori M, Kheradmand P, Ranjbari N, Taheri-Moghadam M. Expression of Cyclin D1 in Colorectal Cancer and Its Association With Clinicopathologic Parameters in Patients Underwent Colectomy. Acta Med Iran. 2022;60(7):399-406.