Original Article

The Relationship Between Adiponectin Serum Level and Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Adiponectin and CAD

Abstract

Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that has a higher serum level in healthy people. In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, hypertension, MI, and dyslipidemia, the serum level of adiponectin is lower than 4 µg/mL. Adiponectin is proved to have a protective role against atherosclerotic changes where its low serum levels in type 2 diabetes can lead to the progression of atherosclerotic lesions. In this study, we aimed to survey the possible effects of adiponectin in the development of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetics. Thirty diabetic cases with coronary artery disease, 30 diabetic cases without known coronary artery disease, and a group of 30 healthy volunteers, all of them were between 18-65-year-old, were entered our study. We gathered demographic data by performing a physical examination followed by filling a checklist and a set of laboratory tests. All the groups were sex and age-matched (P=0.284 and P=0.163 respectively). CAD group had the lowest HBA1C (P<0.001). Both LDL and HDL were also lower in the CAD group (P<0.001). Adiponectin was also lower in the CAD group when compared to other groups (P<0.008) or when compared with only normal diabetics (P<0.002). We found a correlation between adiponectin and HDL (r=0.348, P=0.008), suggesting each unit of reduction in serum level of adiponectin could increase the chance of coronary artery disease by 38% in diabetics. In this study, we showed that the lower serum level of adiponectin is correlated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetics.

1. Bacci S, Menzaghi C, Ercolino T, Ma X, Rauseo A, Salvemini L, et al. The +276 G/T single nucleotide polymorphism of the adiponectin gene is associated with coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2004;27:2015-20.
2. Ferrarezi DA, Cheurfa N, Reis AF, Fumeron F, Velho G. Adiponectin gene and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients: a review of evidences. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2007;51:153-9.
3. Stojanovic S, Deljanin-Ilic M, Ilic S, Petrovic D, Djukic S. The significance of adiponectin as a biomarker in metabolic syndrome and/or coronary artery disease. Vojnosanit Pregl 2015;72:779-84.
4. Szmitko PE, Teoh H, Stewart DJ, Verma S. Adiponectin and cardiovascular disease: state of the art? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007;292:H1655-63.
5. Ruchat SM, Loos RJ, Rankinen T, Vohl MC, Weisnagel SJ, Despres JP, et al. Associations between glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion phenotypes and polymorphisms in adiponectin and adiponectin receptor genes in the Quebec Family Study. Diabet Med 2008;25:400-6.
6. Hung WC, Wang CP, Lu LF, Yu TH, Chiu CA, Chung FM, et al. Circulating adiponectin level is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Endocr J 2010;57:793-802.
7. Gupta P, Liu Y, Lapointe M, Yotsapon T, Sarat S, Cianflone K. Changes in circulating adiponectin, leptin, glucose and C-peptide in patients with ketosis-prone diabetes. Diabet Med 2015;32:692-700.
8. Kazemi-Saleh D, Koosha P, Sadeghi M, Sarrafzadegan N, Karbasi-Afshar R, Boshtam M, et al. Predictive role of adiponectin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein for prediction of cardiovascular event in an Iranian cohort Study: The Isfahan Cohort Study. ARYA Atheroscler 2016;12:132-7.
9. Aso Y, Wakabayashi S, Terasawa T, Naruse R, Hara K, Takebayashi K, et al. Elevation of serum high molecular weight adiponectin in patients with Type 2 diabetes and orthostatic hypotension: association with arterial stiffness and hypercoagulability. Diabet Med 2012;29:80-7.
10. Lacquemant C, Froguel P, Lobbens S, Izzo P, Dina C, Ruiz J. The adiponectin gene SNP+45 is associated with coronary artery disease in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2004;21:776-81.
11. Menzaghi C, Trischitta V, Doria A. Genetic influences of adiponectin on insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Diabetes 2007;56:1198-209.
12. Sattar N. Biomarkers for diabetes prediction, pathogenesis or pharmacotherapy guidance? Past, present and future possibilities. Diabet Med 2012;29:5-13.
13. Eva S, Zinnat R, Molla G, Zahir M, Akter F, Rehnuma B, et al. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is Associated with Lower Serum Adiponectin Level in Bangladeshi Population. AKMMC J 2015;6:10-3.
14. Kamada Y, Tamura S, Kiso S, Matsumoto H, Saji Y, Yoshida Y, et al. Enhanced carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice lacking adiponectin. Gastroenterology 2003;125:1796-807.
15. Hotta K, Funahashi T, Bodkin NL, Ortmeyer HK, Arita Y, Hansen BC, et al. Circulating concentrations of the adipocyte protein adiponectin are decreased in parallel with reduced insulin sensitivity during the progression to type 2 diabetes in rhesus monkeys. Diabetes 2001;50:1126-33.
16. Li S, Shin HJ, Ding EL, van Dam RM. Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2009;302:179-88.
17. Kishida K, Funahashi T, Shimomura I. Adiponectin as a routine clinical biomarker. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;28:119-30.
18. Osei K, Gaillard T, Schuster D. Plasma adiponectin levels in high risk African-Americans with normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes. Obes Res 2005;13:179-85.
Files
IssueVol 59, No 3 (2021) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v59i3.5784
Keywords
Type 2 diabetes Adiponectin Coronary artery disease
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Mazloum Khorasani Z, Choobkar S, Khameneh Bagheri R, AkbariRad M, Firoozi A. The Relationship Between Adiponectin Serum Level and Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Acta Med Iran. 2021;59(3):142-147.