2023 CiteScore: 0.7
pISSN: 0044-6025
eISSN: 1735-9694
Editor-in-Chief:
Ahmadreza Dehpour, PharmD, PhD
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Vol 38, No 4 (2000)
Original Article(s)
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Traumatic injuries are leading causes of spinal cord damage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether wrestling induced cervical spondylosis amongst professional wrestlers or not. To test this assumption, two groups of athletes, 72 wrestlers versus 76 non-wrestlers 15-55 years of age were studied. Radiographic findings and clinical assessment were compared in both groups. Significant difference (Odd ratio=2.91, P=0.007) were noted between the two groups regarding the prevalence of radiological cervical spondylosis. The clinical radiculo-myelopathy was significantly developing in wrestlers in higher ages (odd ratio=77.5, P<0.001). Torg ratio of < 80% was found to be somehow more in the younger age group. Considering the awesome and debilitating implications of this entity among professional wrestlers, it seems prudent to keep an eye on the cervical spine of all new entrants and closely follow up the professional wrestlers to prevent developing myelopathy.
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We investigated contraction to noradrenaline (NA) and KC1 and sensitivity of NA at the level of larger vessels (thoracic aorta and vena cava; left renal artery and left renal vein; lateral saphenous artery and lateral saphenous vein and finally central ear artery and marginal ear vein) in a model devised to mimic heart failure. The model presented here is the rabbit coronary ligation model in which myocardial infarction was produced ligation model in which myocardial infarction was produced in male New Zeeland white myocardial infarction was produced in male New Zeeland white rabbits (2.6 kg-3.0 Kg) by ligation of the marginal branch of the left descending coronary artery. The development of chronic heart failure was allowed to proceed over eight weeks. Animals were killed by overdose with pentobarbitone sodium (IV injection). Arteries and veins were carefully removed with as little connective tissue as possible and placed in cold physiological salt solution (PSS). The arterial and venous rings were mounted in 10 ml isolated organ baths, bathed in Kerbs maintained at 37 °c with 95% O2 plus 5% CO2. The rings were then placed under different resting tensions. After initial application of tension, tissues were left to equilibrate for a 60 min period. Then all tissues were exposed to cumulative concentration of NA (1nM-300µM). Following complete washout, the preparations were left for 45 minutes to re-equilibrate. Then all preparations were contracted with KCl (Krebs solution, sodium free and high KCl, 125 mM) and allowed to contract for 5-10 min. Following complete washout with normal Krebs an additional 30 minutes equilibration period was allowed. Then cumulative concentration-response curves (CCRS) to NA obtained by increasing the concentration-response curves (CCRC) to NA obtained by increasing the concentration of the agonist in half-log increments. In contraction responses to NA aorta, ear artery and ear vein were the most sensitive preparations (pD2 values: 9.96, 7.04 and 7.8 respectively). Renal artery and aorta had relatively very large maximum responses to NA among the arteries (6.7 and 4.3 g respectively) and saphenous vein had greated maximum responses to NA among the arteries (6.7 and 4.3g respectively) and saphenous vein had greatest maximum response among the veins (2.9g). The results led to two major conclusions with respect to the model. First, vasoconstrictions to noradrenaline were unaltered. Second, contractions to KCl (125 mM) were preserved in large vessels (arteries and veins) in coronary ligated rabbits after 8 weeks compared with a normal control population.
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Non-penetrating head injuries associated with skull base fractures can lead to the development of pneumocephalus upon airs ingress, which leads its course in the subarachnoid space. Intracerebral air accumulation is rare and ensuses when a paranasal sinus fracture is associated with a ensues when a paranasal sinus fracture is associated with a nearby parenchymal contusion. A 25-year old man is being presented with complaints of severe headaches and CSF rhinorrhea 2 months following head trauma. Intraparenchymal air entrapment was observed on computed tomogram. Surgical intervention was required to alleviate the symptoms. Surgical drainage and dural defect repair seems warranted for symptomatic intracerebral pneumatoceles to circumvent the on growing pathological sequel.
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Complications of radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in 120 early stage cervical cancersWe evaluated the clinical experience of 120 women with early stage cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy (class III Rutledge) in our gynecologic oncology clinic. Of these, 74 patient. (61.66%) were in stage I and 46 patients (38.34%) were in stage II a. Intraoperation complications comprised of great vessel injuries encountered in 4 (3.3%) patients. Postoperative complications included 12 (10%) bladder dysfunction, 2 (1.66%) lymphocyte formation, 10 (8.3%) urinary infection, 8 (7%) wound infection, 10 (8.3%) pelvic infections and 5 (4.16%) acute ileus. However, no death occurred due to intraoperative or postoperative complications. Pelvic lymph metastases were observed in 22 patients. Para-aortic lymph node metastases were diagnosed in 6 (2.5%) patients all of whom fell in stage II.
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The mortality associated with secondary peritonitis has been unacceptably high. This is despite improvements in diagnosis and surgical methods. The risk factors affecting outcome have been only partially elucidated the records of 303 patients with the established diagnosis of generalized peritonitis were studied retrospectively for various prognostic factors and their outcomes. The associations of probable risk factors were examined by performing logistic regression on outcome. Age, the white blood cell (WBC) count above 20000 cells/mm3, site of infection, mechanism of infection and male sex were associated with mortality rate. Perforation as the mechanism of intra-abdominal infection was surprisingly associated with better prognosis, and the WBC count (less than 20000 cells/m³) and fever showed no significant association with mortality. The observations demonstrate that in patients with potential risk factors. A more aggressive method including earlier surgical management is needed.
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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies were detected in patients with some autoimmune and vascular disease such as Wegner’s granulomatosis polyarthritis nodosa and systemic lupus erythematosus. Indirect immunofluorescence technique was employed to detect these autoantibodies. By this method, two general patterns of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies were seen: a cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) and a perinuclear form (P-ANCA). These antibodies also were observed in uveitis. In this study the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in 25 patients with uveitis and its relationship with uveitis and its relationship with anatomical location of the disease is evaluated. According to the results antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies was detected in 16% (4 out of 25) of the patients all of them being C-ANCA type. The results also showed that there was not any significant correlation between the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies and anatomical location of the disease (P=0.65).
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Lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a) is formed by assembly of LDL-particles and the carbohydrate rich protein, apolipoprotein (a) [apo (a)]. Elevated plasma Lp (a) levels are an independent predictor of the development of premature coronary artery disease (CAD), but is not clear whether the apo (a) isoform plays on additional and independent role or not. To investigate the possible effect of apo (a) isoform on premature CAD (in patients < 55 years of age), we have analyzed apo (a) isoforms, Lp (a) level and their relation with many recognized CAD risk factors, in 60 male patients with angiographically defined CAD and in 60 male control with no angiographic evidence of CAD. The results show elevated Lp (a) concentration (29.4±16.1, vs. 16.5±9.9 P<0.01) and frequency of S2 isoform (31.7%, vs. 6.7% P<0.01) and B isoform (10% vs. 1.7% P<0.01) in patients with premature CAD. Patients with S2 isoform exhibited significantly higher plasma Lp(a) concentration than control subject with the same isoform (39.8±15.9 vs. 20.5±6.9, P<0.05), but patient with B isoform exhibited no significant Lp(a) concentration as compared to the controls (49.5±9.46 vs. 45). In addition, all patients had a low frequency of S4 and null isoforms. The distribution of apo (a) lsoforms was significantly shifted towards small isoform size (band S2) in the CAD as compared to the controls. This study provides evidence that CAD patient < 55 years of age have a different pattern of apo (a) isoforms than controls, and therefore apo (a) isoform may play an important role in predicting premature CAD.
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The objective of this research is to survey the factors influencing trans sexuality, particularly those pertaining to the parents of transsexuals. In this research, all the clients referring to the Forensic Medicine Center in Tehran during 1991-1993 were studied. They have requested to get permission for operation of their genitalia. The subjects were asked questions concerning their families’ characteristics, particularly their attitudes towards their parents. The transsexuals taking part in this study comprised 36 males and 8 females. The control group members were identical to the subjects regarding number, sex, age and education. The findings present a considerable difference between the two male groups’ description of their families. The male transsexuals described their parents as passive and rejecting while the descriptions of males in the control group were not the same. In this respect there was no significant difference between females in the two groups. However the small number of females would no permit the researchers to have a clear insight.
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Regarding the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) especially myocardial infarction (MI), and the insufficiency of information in the field of physical rehabilitation, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a course of physical rehabilitation on the psychological status and physical characteristics f cardiac patients. In this study, the effect of 8 weeks exercise training, 3 sessions of 45 minutes duration per week, on the physical and psychological function of MI patients was evaluated. Eighty patients who were referred to the rehabilitation unit of Isfahan cardiovascular Research Center were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and non-exercise. The data of pre and post exercise course were analyzed with the SPSS software using the two-sample t-test and multiple liner regression. The comparison of the mean changes of functional capacity. Weight, body mass index (BMI), heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures between exercise and non-exercise groups after 8 weeks showed significant difference for all studied factors (P<0.05). Also, investigating the psychological characteristics such as depression, anxiety and hostility scores indicated a significant change after exercise training (P<0.05). Personality and behavior showed no significant difference. This study suggests the functional has a significant effect on improving the function capacity and psychological behavior in post MI patients.
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Leiomyoma is a very rare intraocular tumor, which can occur in the iris, ciliary body and choroids. We report a case of choroidal leiomyoma in a 16-Years old women whose left eye was enucleated because of clinical suspicion for melanoma. Using conventional light microscopy tumor was interpreted as spindle cell tumor, most probably of neurogenic origin and after using immunohistochemical studies; smooth muscle origin of tumor was confirmed.
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A survey was carried out in 1998-99 among 20 selected primary schools in the north, south, east and west regions of Tehran to determine the level of teachers’ knowledge of asthma. 387 (96.7%) of 400 questionnaires were completed and evaluated. Five items were investigated: “general knowledge”, “symptoms and triggers”, exercise”, treatment” and “individual experience”. Statistical analysis was performed by using counting statistics. For the correlation of items, Spearman correlation coefficients and willcoxon’s test were used. The teachers in primary schools showed a good basic knowledge of asthma and trigger factors of asthma; 40.6% teachers knew that asthma could not be transmitted by virus. There was no statistically significant effect of teaching experience in terms of years, level of education and contact with asthmatic child on the knowledge score. 24% of teachers felt they had the average information about asthma. We suggest that teachers at primary school receive further instructions in this regard.
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Transcatheter ablation of atrioventricular accessory pathway is the therapy of choice in symptomatic patients. The ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways thas some important points due to its anatomical location. Catheter ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways via left side approach is time consuming with low success rate and higher complications. We performed successful transcatheter radio frequency ablation of posteroseptal accessory pathways in 25 patients. This was done via right atrial approach in 23 cases and left side approach in 2 cases.
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In this study 93 hirsute females (Ferryman and Gallway score > 8) referred to institute of endocrinology & metabolism and office were assessed. Baseline testosterone (Tes), Dehydroepiandrosterane sulfate (DHEA-SO4). Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH). Leuteinizing hormone (LH), Prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), baseline 17 hydroxyprogesterone (17 OHP) and in some cases ACTH stimulation test for screening of non classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH) due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency was done. The ovaries were visualized by ultrasonography in 56 patients, of the 93 hirsute female, 5 had NC-CAH (5.4%), 46 patients diagnosed as having polycystic ovary syndrome (49.5%) and 42 cases diagnosed as having idiopathic hirsutism (45.1%).
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Acetaminophen is an analgesic and antipyretic drug, which is widely used by public and poisoning with this drug, is common. One of the most important adverse effects of acetaminophen poisoning is centrilobullar necrosis in hepatic cells, which depends on activity of microsomal cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzymes. The aim of this investigation was to find out the protective effect of nifedipine against liver toxicity caused by acetaminophen overdose (700 mg/kg as calcium channel blocker). In this study doses of 5, 50, 100, 250, 500 mg/kg of nifedipine were administered to mice orally one hour before acetaminophen administration. The negative control group receive normal saline. The positive control group was administered with acetaminophen at a dose of 700 mg/kg one hour after nifedipine administration. After 24 hours, enzyme activity (ALT, AST), histopathological examination and liver weight were compared with the control groups. The results revealed that nifedipine at dose of 500 mg/kg was the most effective and protected damage from acetaminophen toxicity.
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This prospective study evaluated the long-term results of intraoperative 5-FU in glaucoma patients undergoing trabeculectomy. 14 patients categorized as high risk or medium risk underwent trabeculectomy with 5-FU and were followed for a mean period of 32 months. Patients were evaluated for visual acuity, cup-disc ratio and intraocular pressure (IOP); the number of medications was also taken into consideration. 78% (11) of patients achieved controlled IOP (< 21 mmHg) with or without medication. There was statistically significant reduction of IOP and number of medications after the operation. There were no significant complications observed during the follow-up period.
