2023 CiteScore: 0.7
pISSN: 0044-6025
eISSN: 1735-9694
Editor-in-Chief:
Ahmadreza Dehpour, PharmD, PhD
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Vol 50, No 12 (2012)
Articles
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Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of monotherapy with either mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or estrogen in autoimmune and cuprizone models of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of co-administration of 17β-estradiol (E2) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on remyelination of corpus callosum axons in a cuprizone model of MS. Forty eight male C57BL/6 mice were fed cuprizone (0.2%) for 6 weeks. At day 0 after cuprizone removal, animals were randomly divided into four groups. The E2 monotherapy, ADSCs monotherapy, E2/ADSCs combined therapy and vehicle control. Some mice of the same age were fed with their normal diet to serve as healthy control group. E2 pellets, designed to release 5.0 mg E2 over 10 days, were implanted subcutaneously. 106 PKH26 labeled ADSCs were transplanted into lateral tail. The extent of demyelination, remyelination, and cell type's composition of host brain were examined at 10 days post-transplantation in the body of the corpus callosum. Transplanted cells migrated to the corpus callosum injury. Histological examination revealed efficacy of intravenous ADSCs transplantation in remyelination of mouse cuprizone model of MS can be significantly enhanced by E2 administration. Flow cytometry showed that the mean percentages of expression of Iba-1, Olig2 and O4 were significantly increased in E2/ADSCs combined therapy in comparison with ADSCs monotherapy. In conclusion, the findings of this study revealed that E2 administration enhanced efficacy of intravenous ADSCs transplantation in remyelination of corpus callosum axons in mouse cuprizone model of MS.
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Presently appearance of resistance to antifungal agents among Aspergillus species is dramatically increasing. The objective of this study was to look at the in vitro activities of antifungal drugs against Iranian clinical (from nail, bronchoalveolar lavage, paranasal sinus) isolated A. flavus strains. The susceptibility of 45 aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains were evaluated to six antifungal agents (caspofungin, itraconazole, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, nystatin) using CLSI M38-A2 broth microdilution method. The results indicated that 57.1%, 28.6% of aflatoxigenic and 25.8%, 6.5% of non-aflatoxigenic isolates were susceptible to caspofungin, amphotericin B respectively. All isolates but one aflatoxigenic strain were sensitive to ketoconazole. All 45 strains showed to be resistant to nystatin. Also 64.28%, 92.9% of aflatoxigenic and 64.51%, 100% of non-aflatoxigenic isolates were resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole in ranking order. There was no statistically significant difference between the susceptibilities of aflatoxigenic and non-aflatoxigenic strains of A. flavus to tested antifungal agents.
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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most important bacteria in the majority of maternal and neonatal infections, such as chorioamnionitis, endometritis, bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. During pregnancy, GBS screening is one of the recommended strategies that are recommended by center of disease control (CDC). This study was aimed to determine the rectovaginal colonization prevalence among pregnant women, and also the rate of transmission to their offspring. Between June 2008 and April 2009, two hundred pregnant women admitted in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran) were enrolled in present study. Samples from maternal rectum and vagina as well as neonate ear and umbilical cord were taken for culture. The colonization rate for GBS in pregnant women and their neonates was around 6% and 5% respectively. All the carrier mothers were cases with premature rupture of membranes (at least 18 hours before delivery). In terms of colonization, there was a significant correlation between mothers and newborns, and more than 80% of neonates from GBS carrier mothers were colonized by GBS.
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Nowadays, radiography is a necessary procedure in diagnosis and treatment of patients with dental problems. According to the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle, dentists must take radiographs of sufficient quality at the lowest possible radiation dose to the patients. The assessment of patient dose on panoramic radiography is difficult because of dynamic nature of the imaging process and the narrow width of the x-ray beam. The present work describes an experiment undertaken using thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD-100) to obtain the absorbed dose in organs and sensitive tissues in head and neck region during panoramic radiography, based on patient measurement. The overall mean entrance surface dose on thyroid, right and left lens of eyes, parotid glands (right and left) and occipital region in panoramic were 38, negligible, negligible, 367, 319 and 262 μGy, respectively. The results show that there are differences between patient doses examined by different panoramic systems. There is a tendency for lower organ doses for digital compared with analogue panoramic units.
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Prevalence of urolithiasis in childhood is increasing. The wide geographic variation in the incidence of lithiasis in childhood is related to climatic, dietary, and socioeconomic factors. Many children with stone disease have a metabolic abnormality. In Southeast Asia, urinary calculi are endemic and are related to dietary factors. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of renal stone, urine metabolic abnormality, control of blood pressure and demographic character in elementary school children of Qom. A cross sectional study was performed on 110 primary school children (56 girls and 54 boys) aged 7 to 11 years old. Demographic data such as age, height, weight were gathered, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Urine analysis and culture, urinary levels of calcium, creatinine, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, uric acid, cystine, citrate, oxalate, protein and sonographic findings were evaluated. The mean (±SD) of age was 8.85±1.51 years. Only one child had renal stone (1%), but the prevalence of abnormal renal sonography was 7%. The most prevalent urine metabolic abnormalities were hypercalciuria (23%) and hypocitraturia (100%). 11.2% of children had positive urine culture that all were female. The prevalence of high blood pressure was 7.1% for girls and 11.1% for boys. The prevalence of renal stone in children in this study was 1%, which means the accurate judgment about the prevalence of renal stone in Qom city needs more comprehensive studies. Similar to other studies in Iran this study shows that the prevalence of hypercalciuria is significantly higher comparing to other countries, it may be associated with excessive intake of sodium.
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The aim of the research is to examine depression in parents of children with cerebral palsy, with hypothesis to have more depressive symptom among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. The sample of examinees (between 23 and 62 age) was used in this research. The first subsample of examinees (N=23) was made of mothers (average 33±5.83) of children with cerebral palsy. The second subsample of examinees (N=12) was made of fathers of children with cerebral palsy (average 38±9.8). The third subsample of examinees (N=16) represented the control group, and it was made of mothers of children without disorders (average 38±6.57). For the purpose of quantitative measurement of depression, the Zung self-evaluated method for depression was applied. All data research were processed by parametric and nonparametric statistics. The frequencies and percents were also calculated, and Kruskal-Valis single-factor analysis of variants was applied for checking the hypothesis. According to the results of this research, it was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference in the evaluation of depression between mothers and fathers of children with cerebral palsy, as well as there is no statistically significant difference in relation to mothers of children without disorders.
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Comparison of the prevalence of Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) in neonates and school children using two different WHO indicators. From 2006 to 2010, 119701 newborns were screened by measurement of serum TSH level by heel prick. Neonates who had blood TSH ≥ 5 mIU/l were recalled for more evaluation. In the same period of time, urine iodine was measured in 1200 school-aged children. The severity of IDD was classified using WHO, UNICEF, ICCIDD criteria. Between 2006 and 2010 a total of 138832 neonates were screened in Guilan province and the total recall rate (neonates with TSH level ≥ 5 mIU/l) was 1.8 %. The incidence rate of Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) was 1/625. The median urine iodine level in school-aged children was 200-299 μg/l. Considering the WHO, UNICEF, ICCIDD criteria, Guilan province would be classified as a none-IDD endemic area. However, health care systems should pay attention to the iodine excess and the risk of iodine induced hyperthyroidism in this population.
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Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21)(q22;q22) generating the AML1/ETO fusion gene on 8q22 is a distinct type of AML t(8;21) category (WHO)/AML-M2 (FAB), generally associated with a favourable prognosis. Variant additional chromosomal abnormalities are frequently reported. We report three adult cases of this category with unusual karyotype. Bone marrow cytogenetics of case no. 1: 45,X,-Y, t(8;21)(q13;q22) with a novel breakpoint of chromosome 8 at (q13). Case no. 2: 46,X,t(X;2)(q22;q37),t(3;7)(q21;q36),t(5;14)(p15;q11),del(8)(q22) a complex rearrangement without the involvement of chromosome 21. Case no. 3: 49,XX,+5, t(8;21)(q22;q22), +16, +der(21)t(8;21)(q22;q22) with additional der(21). Endometrial in this case which was positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and CD117 conforming the AML infiltration. All are morphologically AML with t(8;21). Relevant literature in cytogenetic of AML-M2 is reviewed. The molecular mechanism involved in unusual rearrangements and clinical significance of them are subjected for further studies.
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Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) may occasionaly go along with dysmorphism but hand deformities, as in the following case, have been only rarely reported. A 72 year old female with ptosis, hypoacusis, tremor, myopathy, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, severe cardiac disease, pulmonary hypertension, gastric carcinoid, hepatopathy, generalised atherosclerosis, anemia, polyarthrosis, and hyperlipidemia, additionally presented with brachydactylia. Upon neurological work-up a MID was suspected. The family history was positive for diabetes but negative for brachydactylia or other features of a MID. MIDs may be associated with brachydactylia. Skeletal deformities may be a phenotypic manifestation of MIDs.
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Fanconi- Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is a rare type of glycogen storage disease (GSD) Characterized by hepatomegaly, proximal renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and marked growth retardation. We report a case of FBS presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis and transient neonatal diabetes. A female infant, product of consanguineous marriage presented with diabetic ketoacidosis at age 33 days, and was treated as neonatal diabetes with insulin. At age 14 months, insulin was discontinued. She presented with short stature, hepatomegaly, RTA and hypophosphatemic rickets at age 4 and (FBS) was diagnosed. Diagnosis was confirmed by mutation analysis, showing mutation in SLC2 A2 gene. In conclusion,: neonatal diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis may be the first presentation of infants with FBS.
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We report a case of 48-year-old woman with multiple hydatid cysts in pararectal region and right paraovarian localization with an unusual sonographic and computed tomographic presentation mimicking a pelvic endometriosis. During laparotomy, multiple pararectal and right ovarian cysts resembling endometriosis were resected. Pathologic examination gives the diagnosis of hydatid cysts. Retrospectively, we investigate the primary infection but the patient had no history of hepatic and liver involvement, it is a case of primary infection.
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Recurrent bacterial meningitis is not a common disease and makes physicians seek underlying predisposing factors which can result from anatomic anomalies or immunodeficiency. In this paper we present a boy with recurrent bacterial meningitis with the history of trauma and sensorineural hearing loss. Mondini dysplasia was demonstrated with computed homographic scans (CT-Scan) of temporal bones.
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Hydrocarbons are ubiquitous in daily life and include plant and animal fats, alcohols, solvents, natural gas, petroleum derivates. Majority of intoxication reports of hydrocarbons are due to inhalation or ingestion, but there is few reports about intravenous injection of gasoline. We report a 58 year-old man who injected gasoline intravenously for suicide. He developed soft tissue necrosis of forearm and bilateral pulmonary infiltration. He underwent fasciotomy and extensive debridement of necrotic tissues, at the operation room. He was intubated and mechanically ventilated because of acute lung injury. He developed acute kidney injury after 2 days. These symptoms seem to be due to extravasation of gasoline from vessels which lead to inflammation, cell damage and organ failure. The patient developed multi organ failure which unfortunately did not respond to our treatment and he died at day 21. Management of gasoline intoxication depends on the rout of exposure. Like other types of toxications, intravenous toxication has pulmonary involvement, however in this case we had multiple organ involvement. It seems that in such cases we should consider early end organ targeted therapy to stop the future organ failure.
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Primary splenic cyst is a rare entity and majority of the cases are classified as epithelial cysts. They are uncommon, comprising only about 10% of benign non-parasitic cysts. Most of the cysts are asymptomatic, and they are incidental findings during abdominal ultrasonography. We report a case of 20 years old male who presented with 1 year history of mild abdominal pain and left upper quadrant fullness. Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) both were suggestive of splenic cyst. Serological tests were negative for parasitic infection. Splenectomy was done. Histopathological findings are consistent with splenic epithelial cyst.
