Despite the similarities between oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), the survival rate of this cancer is relatively low in the esophagus compared to the oral cavity. To our knowledge, mast cells and angiogenesis have not been simultaneously compared between oral and esophageal SCCs. However, they have been separately evaluated in each of these locations with conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess and compare mast cell count and microvessel density between SCCs of the esophagus and oral cavity. A total of 46 oral and esophageal SCCs (23 of each) were stained immunohistochemically and histochemically with CD31 and methylene blue, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. Microvessel density was significantly higher in oral compared to esophageal tumors (P=0.02). Conversely, esophageal SCCs showed significantly higher mast cell counts than that of oral neoplasms (P=0.04). Pearson correlation analysis showed no association between these two factors in either oral SCC (P=0.51) or esophageal SCC (P=0.34). A significant difference between mean mast cell count and microvessel density in oral and esophageal SCC may be related to inherent differences in the tissues of origin and might, to some extent, be responsible for the different biological behaviors of these cancers.

End-stage renal disease is a situation that predisposes the patients to cardiovascular disease, especially myocardial infarction (MI). A valuable biomarker for the diagnosis of this event is cardiac troponin. Although some asymptomatic patients show high plasma levels of cardiac troponin I, it is still the most sensitive variable in MI. All patients more than 18-year-old, on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for at least three months, and did not have a history of acute myocardial infarction or hospitalization for CVD during last month are included in a cross-sectional descriptive study. Troponin I serum level was measured by VIDAS Troponin I Ultra (TNIU) Assay.  Correlation between serum troponin level and cardiovascular risk factors are evaluated. In this study, 52% of patients were male. The mean cTnI level was 0.025±0.044 ng/mL, less than 0.11 ng/mL, and only five patients had cTnI level more than the laboratory threshold. The cut-off level of cTnI for diagnosing cardiovascular disease must be re-evaluated and maybe increase to 0.3 ng/mL. Indeed, the asymptomatic patient may need more close observation for cardiovascular disease.

Pharmacologic-conjugated-cardioplegia is one of the strategies against ischemia and reperfusion. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of nitroglycerin on myocardial protection and postoperative outcomes. This was a case-control study performed on 91 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting in Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Patients were randomly divided into case and control groups. Trinitroglycerin Conjugated Cardioplegia on Myocardial Protection of Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting. As a result of nitroglycerin, the number of patients requiring inotrope administration was increased. No other significant alteration was observed between two groups in neither of ischemic features nor postoperative outcomes. In conclusion, nitroglycerin conjugated cardioplegia, with the condition of this study, demonstrated a negative inotrope requirement without improvement in myocardium protection.

Dyslipidemia is an important cause of cardiovascular diseases with increasing rates among adult populations. Nutrition and physical activity are known to have an impact on degrees of dyslipidemia. In this article, we had a study on nutritional behaviors and physical activities among middle-aged adults with and without dyslipidemia. In this case-control study, 200 middle-aged adults were entered. One hundred adults with dyslipidemia and 100 normal adults were included in this study. Data regarding desirable or undesirable use of fruits, vegetables, dairy, saturated fatty acids, fast foods, carbonated drinks, and extra salt intake with every meal were collected. Intensity and duration of physical activities were also collected from our data bank and analyzed with SPSS software. Our results indicated that people with dyslipidemia had a significantly increased usage of fast foods and saturated fatty acids, while the normal population had increased usage of vegetables and dairy. There were also significantly increased in intensity, duration per day, and weekly days of physical activity in healthy groups. Logistic regression indicated that undesirable consumption of fast foods, dairy, fatty acids, vegetables, and undesirable physical activity increases the risks for dyslipidemia (OR=8.2, OR=16.2, OR=8.2, OR=18.3, and OR=25.3 respectively) (P<0.05). This article emphasizes the role of proper nutritional behaviors and higher physical activities in decreasing the risks of dyslipidemia, and we suggest that further preventive interventions could be made based on the results of our study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a bioenergy economy-based program on the intensity of symptoms and quality of life among patients with myofascial pain syndrome. To collect the data, a simple random sampling was used among the women patients with MPS referred from a neurological clinic in Mashhad. Fifteen patients were collected as an experimental group. The method consisted of a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-ups in two and six months after the program. Data collection main materials included the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and WHO Quality of Life -BREF Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Moreover, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to increase the quality of the research. The group underwent six sessions of bioenergy economy-based program. Data collected were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) to reach the aim of the study. The mean score of pain intensity and depression had a significant difference in the post-test and the two follow-ups with the pre-test. The mean score of the anxiety had a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test but not in the follow-ups. The mean score of quality of life did not have a significant difference in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-ups even in the sub-scales, but the mean score of the post-test and the follow-ups were higher than the pre-test. Bioenergy economy-based program caused a significant decrease in the pain intensity, depression, and anxiety in women patients with MPS and remained consistent in the two and six month’s follow-ups. Even in the quality of life, there was an improvement after the program, and although the fluctuation in the score, the mean score after six months was lower than before the program. To conclude, a bioenergy economy-based program can be an effective program in lowering the pain, depression, and anxiety and improving the quality of life in women patients with myofascial pain syndrome, and this remains consistent in the following six months.

Radiology gamification articles were examined to determine the purpose and effect of games on the target audience and to provide a basis for researchers who aim to develop a new gamification. The articles related to radiology gamification, games, and simulations were retrieved from databases, including ProQuest, Springer, Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science via electronic search. To assess the quality of the articles Prisma and CASP checklists were used. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, the appropriate articles were selected. Among 6917 retrieved articles, only 13 articles were related to radiology gamification, two of which were related to the analysis of the effects of radiology gamification in different areas such as differential diagnosis, education, dental radiology, and the number of drugs taken for imaging. These studies show that radiology gamification is few, and there are different forms of gamification, including but not limited to board games, physical games, and video games. Furthermore, in designing an educational game, learner’s characteristics, educational goals, and developing educational content are major steps.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is defined as increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure and abnormal fundoscopy when other causes of increased intracranial pressure are ruled out. We present a patient with a primary diagnosis of IIH who had undergone a lumboperitoneal shunt. Later she was treated with shunt revision, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and intravenous immunoglobulin. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was diagnosed after bone marrow biopsy. The initial response to chemotherapy was promising. Careful history taking, avoidance of unnecessary repetition of diagnostic procedures, avoidance of a tunneled vision, and a strong clinical suspicion is important to see the hidden causes underlying a difficult case of pseudotumor cerebri. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia and carcinomatous meningitis should be sought in IIH patients with abnormal presentation and unusual response to the known treatments.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune vesiculo-bullous disease of skin and mucous membrane associated with benign and malignant neoplasm. Most common malignancies associated with PNP are hematologic and lymphomatoid. Association of oral PNP with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx is very scarce, very few cases are reported, and also the cases of PNP are usually refractory to the treatment mainly those associated with hematologic. Here we reported a case of oral paraneoplastic pemphigus with squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx that resolved on its own after completion of treatment of pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an uncommon type of OHSS that is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and complications of accommodation of body fluids in third spaces in the absence of medical ovarian stimulations. This syndrome is mostly seen in multiple or molar pregnancies with an underlying medical condition such as hypothyroidism. Treatment of spontaneous OHSS depends on the patient’s clinical condition. Appropriate management will warrant a successful pregnancy. The aim of this report is to introduce a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in second pregnancy of a healthy pregnant woman. The patient was a 8 weeks pregnant female who referred to gynecology and obstetrics clinic because of gradual abdominal distension, abdominal pain and nausea from one month ago. The patient didn't have any history of the specific predisposing factors of OHSS such as thyroid gland dysfunction or multiple pregnancies. Abdominal sonography showed enlarged ovaries with prominent follecules as well as free fluid in the entire abdomen. Elevated levels of HCG (312850 mlU/ml) and carcinoembryonic antigen (106 U/ml) were the remarkable laboratory findings. We successfully controlled the patient by conservative management and the size of ovaries returned back to normal by 17th weeks of gestation. On sonographic follow-ups, untill delivery, the patient was symptom-free and a healthy infant was born. While spontaneous OHSS is a rare and life-threatening condition, conservative management including albumin and anticoagulant administration as well as paracentesis of body third space fluids, will be a promising approach in the stable patients.

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